{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:02:27Z","timestamp":1792180947654,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The present study assesses the frequency of injury in Europe\u2019s top-level judokas, during top-level competitions, and defines risk factors. Methods: The members of the EJU Medical Commission collected injury data over the period of 2005 to 2020 using the EJU Injury Registration Form at Europe\u2019s top judoka tournaments. Results: Over the 15 years of the study, 128 top-level competitions with 28,297 competitors were included; 699 injuries were registered. Of all competitors, 2.5% needed medical treatment. The knee (17.4%), shoulder (15.7%), and elbow (14.2%) were the most common anatomical locations of injury. Sprains (42.2%) were by far the most frequent injury type, followed by contusions (23.1%). Of all contestants, 0.48% suffered an injury which needed transportation to hospital. There was a statistically significant higher frequency of elbow injuries in female athletes (p &lt; 0.01). Heavy-weight judokas suffered a remarkably low number of elbow injuries, with more knee and shoulder injuries. Light-weight judokas were more prone to elbow injuries. Conclusions: We found there was a low injury rate in top-level competitors, with a greater frequency of elbow injuries in female judokas. During the 15 years of injury collection data, an injury incidence of 2.5% was found, with a remarkable high injury rate in the women\u2019s \u221252 kg category, and statistically significantly more elbow injuries in women overall.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T09:06:10Z","timestamp":1613725570000},"page":"852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Judo Injuries Frequency in Europe\u2019s Top-Level Competitions in the Period 2005\u20132020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Wies\u0142aw","family":"B\u0142ach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Sport, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"European Judo Union, 1200 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3550-800X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Smolders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Judo Union, 1200 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7956-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Rydzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1938-3286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Bikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Euromedica-Arogi Rehabilitation Clinic, 54301 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5327-3702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Maffulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, 89100 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4DG, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent E1 4DG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Malliaropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4DG, UK"},{"name":"Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Sports Clinic, Rheumatology Department, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 4DG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7417-4749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W\u0142adys\u0142aw","family":"Jagie\u0142\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sports, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6750-4316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Ma\u0107ka\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education &amp; Sport, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-9478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Ambro\u017cy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kano, J. 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