{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:33:48Z","timestamp":1789428828744,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The hypothesis that individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) demonstrate oxidative stress in the uvular mucosa that correlates with OSAS occurrence was investigated. A total of 128 participants (mean age 45.8, mean body mass index 30.7, female\u2013male ratio 1:20) were divided into the non-OSAS group (apnea\u2013hypopnea index\u2014AHI &lt; 5) and OSAS-group (AHI \u2265 5), in which mild (5 \u2264 AHI &lt; 15), moderate (15 \u2264 AHI &lt; 30), and severe (AHI \u2265 30) sub-groups were distinguished. Laryngological examination, Epworth Sleep Scale questionnaire, and home sleep study were performed to obtain AHI, mean oxygen saturation, and lowest oxygen saturation. Total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidative status (TAS) were assayed in the uvular mucosa taken during palatoplasty or palatopharyngoplasty. The severity of oxidative stress was expressed as oxidative stress index (OSI). Oxidative\/reductive imbalance was noted in the mucosa of the uvula of OSAS individuals, and TAS of the uvular mucosa negatively correlated with the severity of this syndrome. TOS and OSI in the mild, moderate, and severe OSAS were higher than in the non-OSAS group, whereas TAS of the uvular mucosa in the OSAS group was lower compared to the non-OSAS group. In conclusion, oxidative stress in the uvular mucosa is associated with the occurrence of OSAS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10051132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T12:12:18Z","timestamp":1615205538000},"page":"1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Association of Oxidative Stress in the Uvular Mucosa with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9993-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Rogalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3023-0056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata M.","family":"Brz\u00f3ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.238","article-title":"Palatal anatomy for sleep apnea surgery","volume":"4","author":"Olszewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6506","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Testing for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"13","author":"Kapur","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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