{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T06:23:50Z","timestamp":1766298230924,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017244","name":"Military Institute of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["527\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["527\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017244","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the course of atopic dermatitis (AD), the overactivity of the immune system, associated with predominant Th2 lymphocyte responses, is observed, which leads to an increased inflammatory reaction. Cases of a severe course of atopic dermatitis lead to the search for new therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) treatment for severe cases of AD in children. A total of 15 children with severe AD underwent therapy. The influence of HBOT on the clinical course of AD and immunomodulatory effect of the therapy was analyzed by the SCORAD and objective SCORAD (oSCORAD) scales and by determining the serum concentration of immunological parameters (blood: nTreg lymphocytes, CD4+CD25highCD127-FOXP3+, NKT lymphocytes CD3+, CD16\/56+, and serum: total IgE, cytokines IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, before and after the 30-day treatment cycle). The study showed a significant effect of the therapy on the improvement of the skin condition. In all children, a reduction in the extent and intensity of skin lesions, reduction of redness, swelling, oozing\/crusting, scratch marks and skin lichenification after HBOT was observed. Patients also reported a reduction in the intensity of pruritus and an improvement in sleep quality after therapy. In all children, a statistically significant decrease in the serum level of IgE was observed. However, no statistically significant changes in the blood levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10, as well as the percentage of CD4+CD25highCD127\u2212FOXP3+ Treg and NKT lymphocytes, were found. In conclusion, the use of hyperbaric therapy has a positive impact on treatment results in children with a severe course of atopic dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10061157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T13:27:20Z","timestamp":1615382840000},"page":"1157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Children with Severe Atopic Dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4887-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judyta","family":"Mews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaser\u00f3w 128 Str., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Tomaszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaser\u00f3w 128 Str., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Siewiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0539-0680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Lewicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, 26-610 Radom, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Kuczborska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaser\u00f3w 128 Str., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Lipi\u0144ska-Opa\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaser\u00f3w 128 Str., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1606-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boles\u0142aw","family":"Kalicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaser\u00f3w 128 Str., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis in children: Clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"35","author":"Lyons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol. 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