{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:40:49Z","timestamp":1762508449290,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Knowledge about the detection potential and detection rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in various body fluids and sites is important for dentists since they, directly or indirectly, deal with many of these fluids\/sites in their daily practices. In this study, we attempt to review the latest evidence and meta-analysis studies regarding the detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in different body specimens and sites as well as the characteristics of these sample. The presence\/detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral biomolecules (nucleic acid, antigens, antibody) in different clinical specimens depends greatly on the specimen type and timing of collection. These specimens\/sites include nasopharynx, oropharynx, nose, saliva, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, stool, urine, ocular fluid, serum, plasma and whole blood. The relative detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 viral biomolecules in each of these specimens\/sites is reviewed in detail within the text. The infectious potential of these specimens depends mainly on the time of specimen collection and the presence of live replicating viral particles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10061158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T13:27:20Z","timestamp":1615382840000},"page":"1158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Characteristics and Detection Rate of SARS-CoV-2 in Alternative Sites and Specimens Pertaining to Dental Practice: An Evidence Summary"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3996-6772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajjad","family":"Shirazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 S Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clark M.","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyndon F.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 S Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12112","article-title":"Saliva and Viral Infections","volume":"70","author":"Corstjens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2021, March 03). 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