{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:05:23Z","timestamp":1790723123173,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontitis, initiated by the subgingival biofilm and modified by the individual\u2019s inflammatory\/immune response, has been associated with vascular dysfunction. To analyze microcirculation indices in periodontal tissues and determine the activity of the enzymatic component of antioxidant defense and humoral immunity factors, a single-blind non-invasive clinical trial was realized. Forty subjects, aged from 30 to 65 years, with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (chronic generalized periodontitis, CGP) vs. 40 subjects as periodontally healthy were recruited. Information such as capillary diameter, capillary blood flow velocity, concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum, vascular endothelial growth factor, and enzymatic component of antioxidant protection were taken. The revealed microcirculatory dysfunctions in patients with CGP clearly demonstrate the progressive disorder of periodontal tissue perfusion and oxygenation, the presence of increased vascular permeability and functional failure of the microvascular system in the lesion. Cytokine profile of CGP patients\u2019 blood serum demonstrated a significant increase of interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), IL-4 levels as well as statistically significant decrease of IL-1ra, IL-10 concentration. Participants with CGP demonstrated a dominant superiority of IgM and IgG levels. In conclusion, these results contribute to a better understanding of potential correlation between microvascular changes and local and systemic markers of inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10061262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T11:41:06Z","timestamp":1616067666000},"page":"1262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Evaluation of Microcirculation, Cytokine Profile, and Local Antioxidant Protection Indices in Periodontal Health, and Stage II, Stage III Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Artem","family":"Eldzharov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, \u201cNorth-Ossetian State Medical Academy\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, Pushkinskaya Str. 40, 362019 Vladikavkaz, Russia"},{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, \u201cA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, St. Delegatskaya, 20, Building 1, 127473 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dzerassa","family":"Kabaloeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, \u201cNorth-Ossetian State Medical Academy\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, Pushkinskaya Str. 40, 362019 Vladikavkaz, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry","family":"Nemeryuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, \u201cA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, St. Delegatskaya, 20, Building 1, 127473 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Clinical Center of Maxillofacial, Plastic Surgery and Dentistry, st. Vuchetich, 9a, 127206 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Goncharenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, \u201cA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, St. Delegatskaya, 20, Building 1, 127473 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Clinical Center of Maxillofacial, Plastic Surgery and Dentistry, st. Vuchetich, 9a, 127206 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelina","family":"Gatsalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Center of Maxillofacial, Plastic Surgery and Dentistry, st. Vuchetich, 9a, 127206 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, St. Novy Arbat, 32, 121099 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Kostritskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, Krasnogo Vosstaniya Street, 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6823-1636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Carrouel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory \u201cHealth Systemic Process\u201d, University Lyon 1, EA4129, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory \u201cHealth Systemic Process\u201d, University Lyon 1, EA4129, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2016.08.001","article-title":"Antioxidant enzymes in periodontitis","volume":"7","author":"Trivedi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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