{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T23:42:59Z","timestamp":1771630979096,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]],"date-time":"2021-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sex and gender can affect the prevalence and prognosis of diseases. Our aim was to assess similarities and differences for males and females who underwent an upper endoscopy, with regards to indications and results. We reviewed all upper endoscopy reports from 2012 to 2016. Data regarding demographics, indications, and procedure findings were collected. The upper endoscopy findings were compared regarding the most common indications: gastroesophageal reflux, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and anemia. We investigated 12,213 gastroscopies among males (age, 56.7 \u00b1 17.4) and 15,817 among females (age, 56.0 \u00b1 17.3, p = 0.002). Males who underwent an upper endoscopy for gastroesophageal reflux had higher rates of esophagitis (7.7% vs. 3.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and Barret\u2019s esophagus (4.4% vs. 1.5%, p &lt; 0.001). Females who underwent an upper endoscopy for abdominal pain had a higher rate of hiatal hernia, whereas males had higher rates of esophagitis, helicobacter pylori infection, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenitis, and duodenal ulcer (p &lt; 0.001). Gastrointestinal bleeding as an indication for upper endoscopy showed that helicobacter, duodenitis, and duodenal ulcers are more common among males compared to females (p &lt; 0.001). Males with anemia who underwent an upper endoscopy had higher rates of esophagitis (p = 0.021) gastritis (p = 0.002), duodenitis (p &lt; 0.001), and duodenal ulcer (p &lt; 0.001). We found significant differences regarding the pathological gastroscopy findings between males and females in relation to the different indications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10081620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T03:04:06Z","timestamp":1618196646000},"page":"1620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Indications and Findings of Upper Endoscopies in Males and Females, Are They the Same or Different?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4844-3308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naim","family":"Abu-Freha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roni","family":"Gat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84010, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aerin","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School for International Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baha","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liza","family":"Ben Shoshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Yardeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anat","family":"Nevo-Shor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Novack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84010, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ohad","family":"Etzion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v40n03_01","article-title":"The double burden of and negative spillover between paid and domestic work: Associations with health among men and women","volume":"40","author":"Kevin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940410028280","article-title":"Balancing work and family demands: Do increasing demands increase strain? 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