{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:16Z","timestamp":1787028616483,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and osteosynthesis-associated infections are mostly caused by Gram-positive bacteria. They are often difficult to treat and are associated with a poor prognosis. In the past 20 years, nine antibiotic drugs with predominant activity against Gram-positive bacteria have been introduced and approved by the Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicines Agency: ceftaroline, daptomycin, telavancin, dalbavancin, oritavancin, linezolid, tedizolid, delafloxacin, and omadacycline. This narrative review aims to provide an overview on these antibiotics with a special focus on their use in infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and osteosynthesis-associated infections. Although some of these approved antibiotics are promising, they should not be used as first- or second-line therapy, awaiting more clinical data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10081743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T22:15:13Z","timestamp":1618784113000},"page":"1743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["New-Generation Antibiotics for Treatment of Gram-Positive Infections: A Review with Focus on Endocarditis and Osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Annemieke","family":"Bloem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannelore I.","family":"Bax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4779-2191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erlangga","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelianne J.","family":"Verkaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv319","article-title":"2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)","volume":"36","author":"Habib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis803","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"56","author":"Osmon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Infect Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.5301\/ijao.5000027","article-title":"Antibiotic-induced biofilm formation","volume":"34","author":"Kaplan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Organs"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)01913-2","article-title":"Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents","volume":"9","author":"Mah","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.06.025","article-title":"Off-label use of ceftaroline fosamil: A systematic review","volume":"54","author":"Pani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106069","article-title":"Treatment of osteoarticular, cardiovascular, intravascular-catheter-related and other complicated infections with dalbavancin and oritavancin: A systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.06.010","article-title":"New and improved? A review of novel antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria","volume":"23","author":"Abbas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1080\/20009666.2019.1651482","article-title":"Acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections: New drugs in ID armamentarium","volume":"9","author":"Tirupathi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Community Hosp. Intern. Med. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1675637","article-title":"Important new therapies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"20","author":"Bassetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000631","article-title":"Role of new antibiotics in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections","volume":"33","author":"Bassetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S206","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz004","article-title":"Current Treatment Options for Acute Skin and Skin-structure Infections","volume":"68","author":"Golan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0896(03)00126-3","article-title":"TAK-599, a novel N-phosphono type prodrug of anti-MRSA cephalosporin T-91825: Synthesis, physicochemical and pharmacological properties","volume":"11","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioorganic Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.01.017","article-title":"Ceftaroline: A comprehensive update","volume":"37","author":"Kaushik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"603","article-title":"Ceftaroline and Ceftaroline-Avibactam","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 the Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"EMA (2012). Annex 1 Summary of Product Characteristics, EMA."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"EUCAST (2021, February 08). The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint Tables for Interpretation of MICs and Zone Diameters. Available online: http:\/\/www.eucast.org."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky519","article-title":"Summary of the safety and tolerability of two treatment regimens of ceftaroline fosamil: 600 mg every 8 h versus 600 mg every 12 h","volume":"74","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3575","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw333","article-title":"A Phase III, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial of ceftaroline fosamil 600 mg every 8 h versus vancomycin plus aztreonam in patients with complicated skin and soft tissue infection with systemic inflammatory response or underlying comorbidities","volume":"71","author":"Dryden","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.06.009","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of high-dose daptomycin (>6 mg\/kg) for complicated bone and joint infections and implant-associated infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria","volume":"46","author":"Perrottet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.011","article-title":"Daptomycin-containing regimens for treatment of Gram-positive endocarditis","volume":"54","author":"Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2019.05.006","article-title":"Daptomycin to bone and joint infections and prosthesis joint infections: A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Telles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.01.014","article-title":"Ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of Gram-positive endocarditis: CAPTURE study experience","volume":"53","author":"Destache","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson, L.B., Ramani, A., and Guervil, D.J. (2019). Use of Ceftaroline Fosamil in Osteomyelitis: CAPTURE Study Experience. BMC Infect. Dis., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3791-z"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofu046","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu046","article-title":"Ceftaroline in Combination With Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Salvage Therapy of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia and Endocarditis","volume":"1","author":"Fabre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02371-13","article-title":"Large retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of ceftaroline fosamil therapy","volume":"58","author":"Casapao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.07.024","article-title":"Use of ceftaroline after glycopeptide failure to eradicate meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia with elevated vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations","volume":"44","author":"Paladino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.01.019","article-title":"Ceftaroline fosamil monotherapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A comparative clinical outcomes study","volume":"57","author":"Arshad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eliazar, J., Johnson, T., and Chbib, C. (2021). Pre-clinical impact of the synergistic mechanism of daptomycin and ceftaroline in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia infections. Curr. Clin. Pharmacol.","DOI":"10.2174\/1574884715666210108103813"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115126","article-title":"Assessment of invitrosynergy of daptomycin or vancomycin plus ceftaroline for daptomycin non-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"98","author":"Hutton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2014.05.061","article-title":"Antimicrobial salvage therapy for persistent staphylococcal bacteremia using daptomycin plus ceftaroline","volume":"36","author":"Sakoulas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2016.1277587","article-title":"A combination of ceftaroline and daptomycin has synergistic and bactericidal activity in vitro against daptomycin nonsusceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","volume":"49","author":"Shafiq","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02015-16","article-title":"Multicenter Observational Study of Ceftaroline Fosamil for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections","volume":"61","author":"Zasowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"2049936119886504","article-title":"Adjunctive ceftaroline in combination with daptomycin or vancomycin for complicated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia after monotherapy failure","volume":"6","author":"Hornak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz538","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz538","article-title":"Multicenter Cohort of Patients With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Receiving Daptomycin Plus Ceftaroline Compared With Other MRSA Treatments","volume":"7","author":"McCreary","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02483-18","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02483-18","article-title":"Clinical Data on Daptomycin plus Ceftaroline versus Standard of Care Monotherapy in the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia","volume":"63","author":"Geriak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"866","article-title":"Daptomycin","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004744","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004744","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of daptomycin versus other antibiotics for skin and soft-tissue infections: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"EMA (2010). Daptomycin: Summary of Product Characteristics, EMA."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01289-13","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of linezolid versus daptomycin for treatment of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia","volume":"58","author":"Balli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.10.008","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of daptomycin versus linezolid treatment in patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteraemia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt294","article-title":"A multicentre evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of high-dose daptomycin for the treatment of infective endocarditis","volume":"68","author":"Kullar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"605","article-title":"Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Standard-, Medium-, and High-Dose Daptomycin Strategies for the Treatment of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Bacteremia Among Veterans Affairs Patients","volume":"64","author":"Britt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix024","article-title":"Effect of Daptomycin Dose on the Outcome of Vancomycin-Resistant, Daptomycin-Susceptible Enterococcus faecium Bacteremia","volume":"64","author":"Chuang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2070","article-title":"Association of Higher Daptomycin Dose (7 mg\/kg or Greater) with Improved Survival in Patients with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia","volume":"38","author":"Timbrook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5841","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00227-16","article-title":"Daptomycin Improves Outcomes Regardless of Vancomycin MIC in a Propensity-Matched Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections","volume":"60","author":"Claeys","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2515-6","article-title":"Daptomycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis and orthopaedic device infections: Real-world clinical experience from a European registry","volume":"35","author":"Malizos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00051-09","article-title":"Addition of gentamicin or rifampin does not enhance the effectiveness of daptomycin in treatment of experimental endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"53","author":"Miro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.04.004","article-title":"Daptomycin combinations as alternative therapies in experimental foreign-body infection caused by meticillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"46","author":"Murillo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00455-10","article-title":"Activities of high-dose daptomycin, vancomycin, and moxifloxacin alone or in combination with clarithromycin or rifampin in a novel in vitro model of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm","volume":"54","author":"Vidaillac","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5251","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00226-10","article-title":"Efficacy of usual and high doses of daptomycin in combination with rifampin versus alternative therapies in experimental foreign-body infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"54","author":"Garrigos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0874-2","article-title":"Should daptomycin-rifampin combinations for MSSA\/MRSA isolates be avoided because of antagonism?","volume":"44","author":"Stein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-de-la-Maria, C., Gasch, O., Garcia-Gonzalez, J., Soy, D., Shaw, E., Ambrosioni, J., Almela, M., Pericas, J.M., Tellez, A., and Falces, C. (2018). The Combination of Daptomycin and Fosfomycin Has Synergistic, Potent, and Rapid Bactericidal Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Rabbit Model of Experimental Endocarditis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 62.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02633-17"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Pujol, M., Miro, J.M., Shaw, E., Aguado, J.M., San-Juan, R., Puig-Asensio, M., Pigrau, C., Calbo, E., Montejo, M., and Rodriguez-Alvarez, R. (2020). Daptomycin plus Fosfomycin versus Daptomycin Alone for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia and Endocarditis. A Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grayson, M.L. (2018). Telavancin. Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781498747950"},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"EMA (2018). Vibativ\u2014Telavancin, EMA."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"FDA (2013). Drug Approval Package VIBATIV (Telavancin) for Injection."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq031","article-title":"Telavancin versus vancomycin for hospital-acquired pneumonia due to gram-positive pathogens","volume":"52","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.14.4","article-title":"The ATTAIN trials: Efficacy and safety of telavancin compared with vancomycin for the treatment of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia","volume":"9","author":"Barriere","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"FDA (2013). Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Reviews Research."},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"FDA (2017). Supplement Approval. Release from REMS Requirement."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr234","article-title":"Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus mitral valve endocarditis with sequential linezolid and telavancin monotherapy following daptomycin failure","volume":"66","author":"Joson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5376","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00857-10","article-title":"Successful treatment of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus pacemaker lead infective endocarditis with telavancin","volume":"54","author":"Marcos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq113","article-title":"Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis with telavancin","volume":"65","author":"Nace","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2014.995696","article-title":"Telavancin for refractory methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and infective endocarditis","volume":"47","author":"Ruggero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-020-00191-x","article-title":"Clinical Experience with Telavancin for the Treatment of Patients with Bacteremia and Endocarditis: Real-World Results from the Telavancin Observational Use Registry (TOUR)","volume":"7","author":"Reilly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.09.004","article-title":"Telavancin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bone and joint infections","volume":"89","author":"Harting","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.034","article-title":"Outpatient treatment of osteomyelitis with telavancin","volume":"50","author":"Schroeder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2019.05.011","article-title":"Real-world use of telavancin in the treatment of osteomyelitis","volume":"95","author":"Saravolatz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stryjewski, M.E., Lentnek, A., O\u2019Riordan, W., Pullman, J., Tambyah, P.A., Miro, J.M., Fowler, V.G., Barriere, S.L., Kitt, M.M., and Corey, G.R. (2014). A randomized Phase 2 trial of telavancin versus standard therapy in patients with uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: The ASSURE study. BMC Infect. Dis., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-289"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00617-15","article-title":"Case-Control Study of Telavancin as an Alternative Treatment for Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Cancer","volume":"60","author":"Chaftari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-019-00165-8","article-title":"Clinical Experience with Telavancin: Real-World Results from the Telavancin Observational Use Registry (TOUR)","volume":"6","author":"Bressler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"917","article-title":"Dalbavancin","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"EMA (2015). Dalbavancin: Summary of Product Characteristics, EMA. last update 18\/08\/2020."},{"key":"ref_74","unstructured":"FDA (2014). Dalbavancin: Medical Review."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.02.013","article-title":"Multicenter clinical experience of real life Dalbavancin use in gram-positive infections","volume":"81","author":"Wunsch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-019-0329-6","article-title":"DALBACEN cohort: Dalbavancin as consolidation therapy in patients with endocarditis and\/or bloodstream infection produced by gram-positive cocci","volume":"18","author":"Vinuesa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy279","article-title":"Dalbavancin as Primary and Sequential Treatment for Gram-Positive Infective Endocarditis: 2-Year Experience at the General Hospital of Vienna","volume":"67","author":"Tobudic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofy331","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy331","article-title":"Dalbavancin for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis in Adult Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety","volume":"6","author":"Rappo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morata, L., Cobo, J., Fernandez-Sampedro, M., Guisado Vasco, P., Ruano, E., Lora-Tamayo, J., Sanchez Somolinos, M., Gonzalez Ruano, P., Rico Nieto, A., and Arnaiz, A. (2019). Safety and Efficacy of Prolonged Use of Dalbavancin in Bone and Joint Infections. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 63.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02280-18"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1086\/427283","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of weekly dalbavancin therapy for catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by gram-positive pathogens","volume":"40","author":"Raad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ajaka, L., Heil, E., and Schmalzle, S. (2020). Dalbavancin in the Treatment of Bacteremia and Endocarditis in People with Barriers to Standard Care. Antibiotics, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9100700"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01526-0","article-title":"Dalbavancin as long-term suppressive therapy for patients with Gram-positive bacteremia due to an intravascular source-a series of four cases","volume":"49","author":"Hitzenbichler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.05.019","article-title":"Activity of dalbavancin, alone and in combination with rifampicin, against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a foreign-body infection model","volume":"42","author":"Baldoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"908","article-title":"Oritavancin","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4762","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00952-09","article-title":"Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates","volume":"53","author":"Arhin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2004.06.007","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of ascending single intravenous doses of oritavancin administered to healthy human subjects","volume":"50","author":"Bhavnani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1086\/526772","article-title":"Dalbavancin: A novel once-weekly lipoglycopeptide antibiotic","volume":"46","author":"Billeter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_88","unstructured":"EMA (2020). Oritavancin Summary of Product Characteristics, EMA."},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oritavancin: A New Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotic in the Treatment of Gram-Positive Infections","volume":"5","author":"Brade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofv156","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv156","article-title":"Prolonged Use of Oritavancin for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-020-00195-7","article-title":"Treatment of Acute Osteomyelitis with Once-Weekly Oritavancin: A Two-Year, Multicenter, Retrospective Study","volume":"7","author":"Chundi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz479","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz479","article-title":"The CHROME Study, a Real-world Experience of Single- and Multiple-Dose Oritavancin for Treatment of Gram-Positive Infections","volume":"6","author":"Redell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Linezolid","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg180","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of single- and multiple-dose oral or intravenous linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic, in healthy volunteers","volume":"51","author":"Stalker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.255","article-title":"Linezolid absolute bioavailability and the effect of food on oral bioavailability","volume":"22","author":"Welshman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"key":"ref_96","unstructured":"Capsule, H. (2009). Linezolid: Summary of Product Characteristics, Pfizer AB."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1599-1602.2006","article-title":"Good clinical outcomes but high rates of adverse reactions during linezolid therapy for serious infections: A proposed protocol for monitoring therapy in complex patients","volume":"50","author":"Bishop","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70312-2","article-title":"Linezolid versus glycopeptide or beta-lactam for treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"8","author":"Falagas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crass, R.L., Cojutti, P.G., Pai, M.P., and Pea, F. (2019). Reappraisal of Linezolid Dosing in Renal Impairment To Improve Safety. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 63.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00605-19"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl219","article-title":"Linezolid for the treatment of patients with endocarditis: A systematic review of the published evidence","volume":"58","author":"Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.02.096","article-title":"Early switch from vancomycin to oral linezolid for treatment of gram-positive heart valve endocarditis","volume":"84","author":"Colli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01585.x","article-title":"Linezolid therapy for infective endocarditis","volume":"13","author":"Munoz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-3029-9","article-title":"Linezolid in the treatment of osteomyelitis: Results of compassionate use experience","volume":"32","author":"Rayner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e3180986d60","article-title":"Linezolid in the treatment of implant-related chronic osteomyelitis","volume":"461","author":"Vercillo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop Relat Res."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000144860.11193.5e","article-title":"Successful treatment of chronic bone and joint infections with oral linezolid","volume":"427","author":"Rao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1086\/600295","article-title":"Salvage treatment for persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Efficacy of linezolid with or without carbapenem","volume":"49","author":"Jang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.08.007","article-title":"Efficacy of linezolid-based salvage therapy compared with glycopeptide-based therapy in patients with persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"65","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.01.014","article-title":"Evaluation of linezolid or trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole in combination with rifampicin as alternative oral treatments based on an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of staphylococcal biofilm","volume":"51","author":"Murillo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02761.x","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerance of rifampicin-linezolid compared with rifampicin-cotrimoxazole combinations in prolonged oral therapy for bone and joint infections","volume":"15","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Tedizolid","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz120","article-title":"Tedizolid in vitro activity against Gram-positive clinical isolates causing bone and joint infections in hospitals in the USA and Europe (2014-17)","volume":"74","author":"Carvalhaes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1337","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of tedizolid following oral administration: Single and multiple dose, effect of food, and comparison of two solid forms of the prodrug","volume":"34","author":"Flanagan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6471","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03431-14","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of tedizolid in subjects with renal or hepatic impairment","volume":"58","author":"Flanagan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70737-6","article-title":"Tedizolid for 6 days versus linezolid for 10 days for acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ESTABLISH-2): A randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial","volume":"14","author":"Moran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.241","article-title":"Tedizolid phosphate vs linezolid for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: The ESTABLISH-1 randomized trial","volume":"309","author":"Prokocimer","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7198","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03509-14","article-title":"Platelet profile in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections receiving tedizolid or linezolid: Findings from the Phase 3 ESTABLISH clinical trials","volume":"58","author":"Lodise","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky473","article-title":"Evaluation of the ability of linezolid and tedizolid to eradicate intraosteoblastic and biofilm-embedded Staphylococcus aureus in the bone and joint infection setting","volume":"74","author":"Abad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04376-14","article-title":"Comparative efficacies of tedizolid phosphate, vancomycin, and daptomycin in a rabbit model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis","volume":"59","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, K.V., Arias, C.A., and Murray, B.E. (2020). Tedizolid as Step-Down Therapy following Daptomycin versus Continuation of Daptomycin against Enterococci and Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Rat Endocarditis Model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 64.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02303-19"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6568","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01248-16","article-title":"Activity of Tedizolid in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Experimental Foreign Body-Associated Osteomyelitis","volume":"60","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, K.H., Greenwood-Quaintance, K.E., Schuetz, A.N., Mandrekar, J.N., and Patel, R. (2017). Activity of Tedizolid in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Experimental Foreign Body-Associated Osteomyelitis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 61.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01644-16"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, J.R., Yim, J., Rice, S., Stamper, K., Kebriaei, R., and Rybak, M.J. (2018). Combination of Tedizolid and Daptomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an In Vitro Model of Simulated Endocardial Vegetations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 62.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00101-18"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"2132","article-title":"Delafloxacin","volume":"Volume 2","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCurdy, S., Lawrence, L., Quintas, M., Woosley, L., Flamm, R., Tseng, C., and Cammarata, S. (2017). In Vitro Activity of Delafloxacin and Microbiological Response against Fluoroquinolone-Susceptible and Nonsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Two Phase 3 Studies of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 61.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00772-17"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfaller, M.A., Sader, H.S., Rhomberg, P.R., and Flamm, R.K. (2017). In Vitro Activity of Delafloxacin against Contemporary Bacterial Pathogens from the United States and Europe, 2014. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 61.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02609-16"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S200","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz003","article-title":"Comparative In Vitro Activities of New Antibiotics for the Treatment of Skin Infections","volume":"68","author":"Shortridge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.39","article-title":"Delafloxacin, a non-zwitterionic fluoroquinolone in Phase III of clinical development: Evaluation of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01201-10","article-title":"Contrasting effects of acidic pH on the extracellular and intracellular activities of the anti-gram-positive fluoroquinolones moxifloxacin and delafloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"55","author":"Lemaire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2015.11.019","article-title":"Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Intravenous Delafloxacin After Single and Multiple Doses in Healthy Volunteers","volume":"38","author":"Hoover","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-018-0520-8","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Delafloxacin","volume":"44","author":"Shiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2015.10.016","article-title":"Single and Multiple Ascending-dose Studies of Oral Delafloxacin: Effects of Food, Sex, and Age","volume":"38","author":"Hoover","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1041","article-title":"Delafloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Subjects With Varying Degrees of Renal Function","volume":"58","author":"Hoover","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_133","unstructured":"FDA (2018). Box Warning."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofy220","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy220","article-title":"Safety of Delafloxacin: Focus on Adverse Events of Special Interest","volume":"5","author":"Lodise","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00181-13","article-title":"A combined pharmacodynamic quantitative and qualitative model reveals the potent activity of daptomycin and delafloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"57","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6385","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03482-14","article-title":"Comparison of the antibiotic activities of Daptomycin, Vancomycin, and the investigational Fluoroquinolone Delafloxacin against biofilms from Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates","volume":"58","author":"Siala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz395","article-title":"Microbiology and Preclinical Review of Omadacycline","volume":"69","author":"Karlowsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Omadacycline","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kucers\u2019 The Use of Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz309","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral and Intravenous Omadacycline","volume":"69","author":"Rodvold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800201","article-title":"Omadacycline for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia","volume":"380","author":"Stets","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_141","unstructured":"EMA (2019). Withdrawal Assessment Report. Nuzyra (Omadacycline Tosylate), EMA."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berg, J.K., Tzanis, E., Garrity-Ryan, L., Bai, S., Chitra, S., Manley, A., and Villano, S. (2018). Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Omadacycline in Subjects with Impaired Renal Function. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 62.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02057-17"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz398","article-title":"An Integrated Safety Summary of Omadacycline, a Novel Aminomethylcycline Antibiotic","volume":"69","author":"Opal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/8\/1743\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:49:08Z","timestamp":1760161748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/8\/1743"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10081743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10081743","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]}}}