{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T17:56:07Z","timestamp":1789062967861,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gastric cancer (GC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide; the prognosis is poor especially in the case of metastatic disease. Liver, lymph nodes, peritoneum, and lung are the most frequent sites of metastases from GC; however, bone metastases from GC have been reported in the literature. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the metastatic sites may affect the prognosis. In particular, knowledge about the impact of bone metastases on GC patients\u2019 outcome is scant, and this may be related to the rarity of bone lesions and\/or their underestimation at the time of diagnosis. In fact, there is still a lack of specific recommendation for their detection at the diagnosis. Then, the majority of the evidences in this field came from retrospective analysis on very heterogeneous study populations. In this context, the aim of this narrative review is to delineate an overview about the evidences existing about bone metastases in GC patients, focusing on their incidence and biology, the prognostic role of bone involvement, and their possible implication in the treatment choice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10081777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T11:21:38Z","timestamp":1618831298000},"page":"1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bone Metastases from Gastric Cancer: What We Know and How to Deal with Them"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5489-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelica","family":"Petrillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Study of Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5383-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio Francesco","family":"Giunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Study of Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Study of Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Bosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Attademo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Cardalesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1131-8690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Diana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Study of Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"Fabbrocini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Fabozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasqualina","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9589-0808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret","family":"Ottaviano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CRCTR Rare Tumors Reference Center of Campania Region, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rosanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Silvestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0863-7546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piera","family":"Federico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2638-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Daniele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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