{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T18:07:25Z","timestamp":1788631645422,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministero della Salute","award":["Ricerca  corrente , linea 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca  corrente , linea 3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Torque Teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous virus that causes chronic infection in humans with unknown clinical consequences. Here, we investigated the influence of TTV infection on HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) efficacy in HIV\/HCV coinfected and HCV monoinfected patients as controls. Of 92 study patients, 79.3% were TTV DNA positive; untreated patients exhibited a significantly higher proportion of TTV DNA-positivity vs. sustained virological response (SVR) patients (100.0% vs. 65.2%, p &lt; 0.001), while TTV positivity was not significant in DAA failure patients vs. SVR patients despite HIV\/HCV coinfection. TTV DNA viral load was higher among HCV monoinfected patients vs. HIV\/HCV coinfected, although marginally significant (p = 0.074) and no significant viral load difference was detected between DAA failures and SVR patients, while untreated vs. SVR patients had a significantly higher viral load (19,884, IQR 5977\u2013333,534, vs. 469, IQR 10\u20134124, p = 0.004). Alpha-genogroup 3 TTV was the most prevalent genetic group, and no specific strain or genogroup was observed in relapser patients. Among HIV\/HCV patients with HCV RNA detectable at end of treatment (EOT), TTV DNA was detected in 9\/17 treatment responder patients and 3\/5 relapser patients, thus, TTV infection does not appear to influence the control HCV viremia after EOT. Levels of IL-6 IL-4, and CD14 were not significantly different between TTV PCR-positive and -negative patients. These results suggest no association between TTV DNA positivity or viral load and HCV DAA failure whether patients were HIV\/HCV coinfected or HCV monoinfected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10102092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T11:10:06Z","timestamp":1620904206000},"page":"2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinical Relevance of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in HIV\/HCV Coinfected and HCV Monoinfected Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daniele","family":"Lapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Del Porto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Biotechnology \u201cC. Darwin\u201d, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7833-9539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Minosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianpiero","family":"D\u2019Offizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Unit, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Antinori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani \u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosaria","family":"Capobianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ubaldo","family":"Visco-Comandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Unit, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"McPhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2687-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Rosa","family":"Garbuglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Zaccarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department, \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani \u201d National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7765","article-title":"A novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with elevated transaminase levels in posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology","volume":"241","author":"Nishizawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. 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