{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:21:24Z","timestamp":1769160084740,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) were established to treat progressive early-onset scoliosis. The aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of long-term MCGR with continuous distraction on intervertebral discs in scoliotic children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 33 children with spinal muscular atrophy was analyzed by grading intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and measuring intervertebral disc volume. Cohort I (n = 17) were children who had continuous spinal distraction with MCGRs for 5.1 years and MRI before (av. age 8.1) and after (av. age 13.4) MCGR treatment. Cohort II (n = 16, av. age 13.7) were patients without prior surgical treatment. Lumbar intervertebral disc volume of cohort I did not change during 5.1 years of MCGR treatment, whereas disc volumes were significantly larger in age- and disease-matched children without prior treatment (cohort II). Cohort I showed more IDD after MCGR treatment in comparison to early MRI studies of the same patients and children without surgical treatment. MRI data showed a volume reduction and disc degeneration of lower thoracic and lumbar intervertebral discs in scoliotic children after continuous spinal distraction with MCGRs. These effects were confirmed in the same subjects before and after treatment as well as in surgically untreated controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10102124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T10:54:22Z","timestamp":1620989662000},"page":"2124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Smaller Intervertebral Disc Volume and More Disc Degeneration after Spinal Distraction in Scoliotic Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Lippross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5144-3878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Girmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja A.","family":"L\u00fcders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9104-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friederike","family":"Austein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-826X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Braunschweig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"L\u00fcders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahr GmbH, 37073 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Tsaknakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heiko M.","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Hell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e195","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001268","article-title":"Is Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod the Game Changer in Early-onset Scoliosis? 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