{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:10:25Z","timestamp":1790637025579,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Purpose: To determine the association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and hepatic steatosis (HS), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis (HF) in patients with known or suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). (2) Methods: 135 subjects that had a liver biopsy performed within 3 months (bariatric cohort) or 1 month (NAFLD cohort) of an MRI exam formed the study group. VAT volume was quantified at L2-L3 level on opposed-phase images with signal intensity-based painting using a semi-quantitative software. Liver PDFF and pancreas PDFF were calculated on fat fraction maps. Liver volume (Lvol) and spleen volume (Svol) were also calculated using a semi-automated 3D volume tool available on PACS. A histological analysis was performed by an expert hepatopathologist blinded to imaging findings. (3) Results: The mean Lvol, Svol, liver PDFF, pancreas PDFF and VAT of the study population were 2492.2 mL, 381.6 mL, 13.2%, 12.7% and 120.6 mL, respectively. VAT showed moderate correlation with liver PDFF (r = 0.41, p &lt; 0.001) and weak correlation with Lvol (r = 0.38, p &lt; 0.001), Svol (r = 0.20, p = 0.025) and pancreas PDFF (rs = 0.29, p = 0.001). VAT, Lvol and liver PDFF were significantly higher in patients with HS (p &lt; 0.001), NASH (p &lt; 0.05) and HF (p &lt; 0.05). VAT was also significantly higher in the presence of lobular inflammation (p = 0.019) and hepatocyte ballooning (p = 0.001). The cut-off VAT volumes for predicting HS, NASH and HF were 101.8 mL (AUC, 0.7), 111.8 mL (AUC, 0.64) and 111.6 mL (AUC, 0.66), respectively. (4) Conclusion: The MRI determined VAT can be used for predicting the presence of HS, NASH and HF in patients with known or suspected NAFLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10122565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T22:18:29Z","timestamp":1623277109000},"page":"2565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Association between Visceral Adipose Tissue and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Histology in Patients with Known or Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ilkay S.","family":"Idilman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsien Min","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7237-3955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tolga","family":"Gidener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Philbrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taofic","family":"Mounajjed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina M.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7514-1030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudhakar K.","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000111245.75752.C6","article-title":"Definition of metabolic syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition","volume":"109","author":"Grundy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0395","article-title":"Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ","volume":"89","author":"Kershaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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