{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:58:43Z","timestamp":1789570723818,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluates the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and total macular volume (TMV) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in treatment na\u00efve patients with the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and different multiple sclerosis (MS) types. A total of 126 patients (15 CIS, 65 relapsing-remitting MS, 14 secondary progressive MS, 11 primary progressive MS, 21 benign MS) with or without optic neuritis (ON) history and 63 healthy age-similar controls were assessed. Concerning controls\u2019 eyes, pRNFL thickness was significantly reduced in CIS-ON eyes (p &lt; 0.01), while both TMV and pRNFL thickness was decreased in all MS eyes regardless of ON history (p &lt; 0.01). Significant differences in pRNFL thickness and TMV between MS variants were observed for non-ON eyes (p &lt; 0.01), with the lowest values in benign and secondary progressive disease type, respectively. The pRNFL thickness was inversely correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score in non-ON subgroups (p &lt; 0.01), whereas TMV was inversely correlated with EDSS score in both ON and non-ON subgroups (p &lt; 0.01). Concluding, pRNFL thinning confirms optic nerve damage in CIS-ON eyes and appears to be disproportionately high with respect to the disability status of benign MS patients. The values of TMV and pRNFL in non-ON eyes significantly correspond to MS course heterogeneity and patients\u2019 disability than in ON eyes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10132892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T10:52:46Z","timestamp":1624963966000},"page":"2892","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment in Treatment-Na\u00efve Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Different Multiple Sclerosis Types: Findings and Relationship with the Disability Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2995-6148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Rzepi\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Warszawy 5, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Sanitas\u2014Neurology Outpatient Clinic, Dworcowa 110, 85-010 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kucharczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Warszawy 5, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zdzis\u0142aw","family":"Maciejek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Warszawy 5, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Sanitas\u2014Neurology Outpatient Clinic, Dworcowa 110, 85-010 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3724-2391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Grzybowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, \u017bo\u0142nierska 18, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland"},{"name":"Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Foundation for Ophthalmology Development, Mickiewicza 24\/3B, 60-836 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Parisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza 3, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2147\/EB.S139417","article-title":"Retinal imaging with optical coherence tomography: A biomarker in multiple sclerosis?","volume":"10","author":"Costello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye Brain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13536","article-title":"ECTRIMS\/EAN guideline on the pharmacological treatment of people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Montalban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. 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