{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T07:10:02Z","timestamp":1786950602086,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gastrointestinal tract is a long tubular structure wherein any point in the mucosa along its entire length could be the source of a hemorrhage. Upper (esophagel and gastroduodenal) and lower (jejunum, ileum, and colon) gastrointestinal bleeding are common. Gastroduodenal and colonic bleeding are more frequent than bleeding from the small bowel, but nowadays the entire gastrointestinal tract can be explored endoscopically and bleeding lesions can be locally treated successfully to stop or prevent further bleeding. The extensive use of antiplatelet and anticoagulants drugs in cardiovascular patients is, at least in part, the cause of the increasing number of patients suffering from gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with these conditions are usually older and more fragile because of their comorbidities. The correct management of antithrombotic drugs in cases of gastrointestinal bleeding is essential for a successful outcome for patients. The influence of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of small bowel bleeding is an example of the new data that are emerging as potential therapeutic target for bleeding prevention. This text summarizes the latest research and advances in all forms of acute gastrointestinal bleeding (i.e., upper, small bowel and lower). Diagnosis is approached, and medical, endoscopic or antithrombotic management are discussed in the text in an accessible and comprehensible way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10143045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T10:42:17Z","timestamp":1625740937000},"page":"3045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["New Trends and Advances in Non-Variceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding\u2014Series II"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Pablo","family":"Ca\u00f1amares-Orb\u00eds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, San Jorge University Hospital, 22004 Huesca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5932-2889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Lanas Arbeloa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IIS Arag\u00f3n, CIBERehd, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Service of Digestive Diseases, University Clinic Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"University of Zaragoza, 500009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.164","article-title":"Time Trends and Impact of Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Perforation in Clinical Practice","volume":"104","author":"Lanas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. 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