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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a wide variety of physiological mechanisms and their expression patterns in the endometrium are currently attracting a lot of interest. miRNA regulation could be hormone dependent. Conversely, miRNAs could regulate the action of sexual hormones. Modifications to miRNA expression in pathological situations could either be a cause or a result of the existing pathology. The complexity of miRNA actions and the diversity of signaling pathways controlled by numerous miRNAs require rigorous analysis and findings need to be interpreted with caution. Alteration of miRNA expression in women with endometriosis has been reported. Thus, a potential diagnostic test supported by a specific miRNA signature could contribute to early diagnosis and a change in the therapeutic paradigm. Similarly, specific miRNA profile signatures are expected for RIF and endometrial cancer, with direct implications for associated therapies for RIF and adjuvant therapies for endometrial cancer. Advances in targeted therapies based on the regulation of miRNA expression are under evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10163457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T21:45:06Z","timestamp":1628113506000},"page":"3457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Role of miRNAs in Normal Endometrium and in Endometrial Disorders: Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7445-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamila","family":"Kolanska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique et M\u00e9decine de la Reproduction, H\u00f4pital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre Expert En Endom\u00e9triose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endom\u00e9triose (GRC6), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofiane","family":"Bendifallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique et M\u00e9decine de la Reproduction, H\u00f4pital Tenon, AP-HP, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Site Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, CEDEX 12, 75571 Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre Expert En Endom\u00e9triose (C3E), Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Endom\u00e9triose (GRC6), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffroy","family":"Canlorbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Site 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