{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:31:18Z","timestamp":1774611078223,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) encompass a variety of disorders related to clonal expansion and\/or malignant transformation of B lymphocytes. Deposition of free immunoglobulin (Ig) components (light or heavy chains, LC\/HC) within the kidney during MG may result over time in multiple types and degrees of injury, including acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is generally a consequence of tubular obstruction by luminal aggregates of LC, a pattern known as \u201ccast nephropathy\u201d. Monoclonal Ig LC can also be found as intracellular crystals in glomerular podocytes or proximal tubular cells. Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal Ig deposits is another, less frequent form of kidney injury with a sizable impact on renal function. Hypercalcemia (in turn related to bone reabsorption triggered by proliferating plasmacytoid B cells) may lead to AKI via functional mechanisms. Pharmacologic treatment of MG may also result in additional renal injury due to local toxicity or the tumor lysis syndrome. The present review focuses on AKI complicating MG, evaluating predictors, risk factors, mechanisms of damage, prognosis, and options for treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T11:01:37Z","timestamp":1630321297000},"page":"3871","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Acute Kidney Injury in Monoclonal Gammopathies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6395-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Men\u00e8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Sant\u2019Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Moioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Sant\u2019Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Stoppacciaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francescaromana","family":"Festuccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Sant\u2019Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-3115","article-title":"From MGUS to multiple myeloma, a paradigm for clonal evolution of premalignant cells","volume":"78","author":"Spaan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019846782","article-title":"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance","volume":"133","author":"Mouhieddine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16487","article-title":"The prevalence and significance of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in acute medical admissions","volume":"189","author":"Atkin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. 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