{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:15:39Z","timestamp":1788552939541,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign tumor of the nasal cavity that predominantly affects young boys. Surgical removal remains the gold standard for the management of this disease. Preoperative intra-arterial embolization (PIAE) is useful for reductions in intraoperative blood loss and surgical complications. In our series of 79 patients who underwent preoperative embolization from 1999 to 2020, demographics, procedural aspects, surgical management and follow-up outcome were analyzed. Embolization was performed in a similar fashion for all patients, with a superselective microcatheterization of external carotid artery (ECA) feeders and an injection of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, followed, in some cases, by the deployment of coils . Procedural success was reached in 100% of cases, with no complications such as bleeding or thromboembolic occlusion, and surgical intraoperative blood loss was significantly decreased. In conclusion, PIAE is a safe and effective technique in JNA treatment, minimizing intraoperative bleeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T04:07:28Z","timestamp":1630382848000},"page":"3926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Twenty Years of Experience in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) Preoperative Endovascular Embolization: An Effective Procedure with a Low Complications Rate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Giorgianni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7352-3107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Molinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Agosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Vito","family":"Terrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Alberto","family":"Vizzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Daniele","family":"Arosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Specialities, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Pietrobon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20122 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Volpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ASST Lariana, University of Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, ASST Lariana, University of Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Turri-Zanoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery & Forensic Dissection Research Center (HNS&FDRc), Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Craparo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, ARNAS Civic Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Piacentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Castelnuovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Specialities, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Head and Neck Surgery & Forensic Dissection Research Center (HNS&FDRc), Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio Massimo","family":"Baruzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Sette Laghi-Circolo Hospital, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Bignami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ASST Lariana, University of Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, ASST Lariana, University of Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.185929","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"20","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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B Skull Base"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/17\/3926\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:52:58Z","timestamp":1760165578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/17\/3926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10173926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10173926","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]}}}