{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T12:12:03Z","timestamp":1775218323731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare skin adverse drug reaction. The pathophysiology and causative drugs associated with AGEP are poorly understood, with the majority of studies in AGEP focusing on a single-drug-outcome association. We therefore aimed to explore and characterize frequently reported drug combinations associated with AGEP using the WHO pharmacovigilance database VigiBase. In this explorative cross-sectional study of a pharmacovigilance database using a data-driven approach, we assessed individual case safety reports (ICSR) with two or more drugs reported to VigiBase. A total of 2649 ICSRs reported two or more drugs. Cardiovascular drugs, including antithrombotics and beta-blockers, were frequently reported in combination with other drugs, particularly antibiotics. The drug pair of amoxicillin and furosemide was reported in 57 ICSRs (2.2%), with an O\/E ratio of 1.3, and the combination of bisoprolol and furosemide was recorded 44 times (1.7%), with an O\/E ratio of 5.5. The network analysis identified 10 different communities of varying sizes. The largest cluster primarily consisted of cardiovascular drugs. This data-driven and exploratory study provides the largest real-world assessment of drugs associated with AGEP to date. The results identify a high frequency of cardiovascular drugs, particularly used in combination with antibiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T08:27:44Z","timestamp":1632904064000},"page":"4486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Network Analysis of Drug Combinations Associated with Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Martinez-De la Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5500-2108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"van Weenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2021-2743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Weiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Feuerriegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Information Systems, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7082-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Burden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2001.028003113.x","article-title":"Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP)\u2014A Clinical Reaction Pattern","volume":"28","author":"Sidoroff","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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