{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:14:32Z","timestamp":1791994472438,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":257,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondation J\u00e9r\u00f4me Lejeune","award":["Horizon21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Horizon21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this review is to compare and highlight the clinical and pathological aspects of genetic versus acquired Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer\u2019s disease in (DSAD) and Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer\u2019s disease (ADAD) are compared with the late-onset form of the disease (LOAD). DSAD and ADAD present in a younger population and are more likely to manifest with non-amnestic (such as dysexecutive function features) in the prodromal phase or neurological features (such as seizures and paralysis) especially in ADAD. The very large variety of mutations associated with ADAD explains the wider range of phenotypes. In the LOAD, age-associated comorbidities explain many of the phenotypic differences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T16:23:58Z","timestamp":1633623838000},"page":"4582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The Clinical and Neuropathological Features of Sporadic (Late-Onset) and Genetic Forms of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7089-1684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanzil","family":"Rujeedawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Carrillo F\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5385-008X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel C. H.","family":"Clare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK"},{"name":"Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Foundation NHS Trust, Fulbourn CB21 5EF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Fortea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Center of Biomedical Investigation Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana S\u00edndrome de Down, 08029 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Strydom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, The LonDowns Consortium, London SE5 8AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1995-9177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Rebillat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics, Institut J\u00e9r\u00f4me Lejeune, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Coppus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Primary and Community Care, Department of Primary and Community Care (149 ELG), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 80539 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahid H.","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, UK"},{"name":"Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Foundation NHS Trust, Fulbourn CB21 5EF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.11.006","article-title":"Astrocyte biomarkers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Carter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Mol. 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