{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T23:05:34Z","timestamp":1790895934954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe tricuspid regurgitation remains a challenging heart-valve disease to effectively treat with high morbidity and mortality at mid-term. Currently guideline-directed medical treatment is limited to escalating dose of diuretics, and the rationale and timing of open-heart surgery remains controversial. Emerging percutaneous therapies for severe tricuspid regurgitation continue to show promising results in early feasibility studies. However, randomized trial data is lacking. Additionally, many patients are deemed unsuitable for these emerging therapies due to anatomical or imaging constraints. Given the technical simplicity of the bicaval valve implantation (CAVI) technique compared to other transcatheter devices, CAVI is postulated as a suitable alternative for a wide variety of patients affected with severe+ tricuspid regurgitation. In this review we illustrate the current evidence and ongoing uncertainties of CAVI, focusing on the novel CAVI-specific devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:23:55Z","timestamp":1633728235000},"page":"4601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Caval Valve Implantation (CAVI): An Emerging Therapy for Treating Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Abdul-Jawad Altisent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimantas","family":"Benetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egle","family":"Rumbinaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaida","family":"Mizarien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pau","family":"Codina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Gual-Capllonch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0214-9082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giosafat","family":"Spitaleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Fernandez-Nofrerias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Bayes-Genis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Germans Trias University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Puri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw229","article-title":"Large-scale community echocardiographic screening reveals a major burden of undiagnosed valvular heart disease in older people: The OxVALVE Population Cohort Study","volume":"37","author":"Coffey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. 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