{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:26:12Z","timestamp":1760235972981,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1A2C2002393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1A2C2002393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Metastatic disease occurs in about 30% of patients, for which there is currently no effective treatment. More than half of patients are long-term survivors, and it is well established that cancer survivors are prone to developing second primary cancers. In this study, we analyzed 10 years\u2019 worth of data from the nationwide database to determine the rates of coexisting malignancies and second primary cancers associated with uveal melanoma. The mean annual incidence of uveal melanoma was 1.1 per million. Approximately 43% of patients had coexisting cancers. The most common coexisting cancer was lung cancer (10%) followed by liver cancer (6%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (6%). In patients whose first cancer in their lifetime was uveal melanoma, the 10-year cumulative incidence of second primary cancers was 22% (95% confidence interval, 9\u201331%). The age- and sex-adjusted standard incidence rates was 3.61 (95% confidence interval, 2.61\u20134.86). The most common second primary cancers were lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, followed by prostate, thyroid, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. Age was the only factor associated with second primary cancer development. Our findings will be helpful in providing counseling for cancer screening in uveal melanoma patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T23:05:47Z","timestamp":1634511947000},"page":"4744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Coexisting and Second Primary Cancers in Patients with Uveal Melanoma: A 10-Year Nationwide Database Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yong Joon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myeongjee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Hwa","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3780-3213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inkyung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher Seungkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S89591","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of primary disease","volume":"11","author":"Krantz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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