{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:41:48Z","timestamp":1788550908580,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]],"date-time":"2021-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: Multimodal imaging has allowed cardiac amyloidosis (CA) to be increasingly recognised as a treatable cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, but its prognosis remains poor due to late diagnosis. To assess the left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) patterns in a large contemporary CA cohort according to the current recommendations and to identify their determinants. Methods and Results: We conducted a monocentric, observational study on a cohort of CA patients from a tertiary CA referral centre. Diastolic function was analysed using standard echocardiography and clinical, laboratory and survival parameters were collected. Four hundred and sixty-four patients with one of the three main type of CA were included: 41% had grade III diastolic dysfunction (restrictive mitral pattern), 25% had grade II diastolic dysfunction, and 25% had grade I diastolic dysfunction; 9% were unclassified. No difference was found between the main CA types. After multivariate analyses, grades II and III were independently associated with dyspnoea, elevated NT-proBNP, cardiac infiltration and systolic dysfunction (global longitudinal strain). Grade I patients had a better prognosis. Conclusions: All LVDF patterns can be observed in CA. One quarter of CA patients have grade I LVDF, reflecting the emergence of earlier stage-related phenotypes with a better prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]],"date-time":"2021-10-24T22:06:16Z","timestamp":1635113176000},"page":"4888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Echocardiographic Patterns of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Cardiac Amyloidosis: An Updated Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0108-5598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Oghina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wulfran","family":"Bougouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM Unit 970, 56, Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Ramsay G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de Sant\u00e9, H\u00f4pital Priv\u00e9 Jacques Cartier, 6, Av du Noyer Lambert, 91300 Massy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mounira","family":"Kharoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2861-711X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis","family":"Bonnefous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnault","family":"Galat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soulef","family":"Guendouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Bezard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1424-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabien","family":"Le Bras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Lymphoid Malignancies Unit, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2928-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Deux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Radiology Department, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1578-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Itti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Nuclear Medicine, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6015-3979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anissa","family":"Moktefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Pathology Department, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Fanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Genetic Department, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Teiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7160-2506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dania","family":"Mohty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Referral Centre for AL and Cardiology Department, CHU Dupuytren, 16, rue Bernard Descottes, 87042 Limoges, France"},{"name":"King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Heart Centre, Al Faysal University, Riyadh 112111, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thibaud","family":"Damy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, APHP, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Bodez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Referral Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"GRC Amyloid Research Institute, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Amyloidosis Mondor Network, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"IMRB-INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, APHP, 1, Rue Gustave Eiffel, 94010 Creteil, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Outpatients Unit, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 32-36 Rue des Moulins G\u00e9meaux, 93200 Saint Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv338","article-title":"Wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis as a cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"36","author":"Moral","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003352","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003352","article-title":"Afro-Caribbean Heart Failure in the United Kingdom: Cause, Outcomes, and ATTR V122I Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"9","author":"Dungu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","article-title":"2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-014-9466-3","article-title":"Echocardiography in cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"20","author":"Falk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90254-4","article-title":"Doppler characterization of left ventricular diastolic function in cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"13","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.08.001","article-title":"ASNC\/AHA\/ASE\/EANM\/HFSA\/ISA\/SCMR\/SNMMI Expert Consensus Recommendations for Multimodality Imaging in Cardiac Amyloidosis: Part 1 of 2-Evidence Base and Standardized Methods of Imaging","volume":"25","author":"Dorbala","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-620302","article-title":"A European collaborative study of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in upfront treatment of systemic AL amyloidosis","volume":"126","author":"Palladini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805689","article-title":"Tafamidis Treatment for Patients with Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy","volume":"379","author":"Maurer","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew082","article-title":"Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"17","author":"Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J.-Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2016.1194264","article-title":"Prognostic value of right ventricular systolic function in cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"23","author":"Bodez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.05.014","article-title":"Causes and Consequences of Longitudinal LV Dysfunction Assessed by 2D Strain Echocardiography in Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"9","author":"Ternacle","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3751","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.03.029","article-title":"Serum Cardiac Troponins and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide: A Staging System for Primary Systemic Amyloidosis","volume":"22","author":"Dispenzieri","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx589","article-title":"A new staging system for cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis","volume":"39","author":"Gillmore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jex034","article-title":"Multimodality Imaging in Restrictive Cardiomyopathies: An EACVI expert consensus document In collaboration with the \u201cWorking Group on myocardial and pericardial diseases\u201d of the European Society of Cardiology Endorsed by The Indian Academy of Echocardiography","volume":"18","author":"Habib","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J.-Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e006075","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006075","article-title":"Expert Consensus Recommendations for the Suspicion and Diagnosis of Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"12","author":"Maurer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12793","article-title":"Gateway and journey of patients with cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"7","author":"Dang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jex067","article-title":"Echo-Doppler estimation of left ventricular filling pressure: Results of the multicentre EACVI Euro-Filling study","volume":"18","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J.-Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.10.011","article-title":"Multiparametric Echocardiography Scores for the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"13","author":"Boldrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.843334","article-title":"Systemic Cardiac Amyloidoses","volume":"120","author":"Rapezzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_57_17","article-title":"Reference Ranges and Physiologic Variations of Left E\/e\u2019 Ratio in Healthy Adults: Clinical and Echocardiographic Correlates","volume":"28","author":"Vriz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Echogr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006242","article-title":"Left Ventricular Structure and Function in TTR-Related versus AL Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"129","author":"Quarta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.03.092","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of systolic and diastolic function in patients with cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"108","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz641","article-title":"How to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: The HFA-PEFF diagnostic algorithm: A consensus recommendation from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"40","author":"Pieske","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302353","article-title":"Relative apical sparing of longitudinal strain using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"98","author":"Phelan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.09.102","article-title":"Differentiation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cardiac amyloidosis from other causes of ventricular wall thickening by two-dimensional strain imaging echocardiography","volume":"103","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018172435","article-title":"Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation on Cine MR Images: Relationship to Severity of Disease and Prognosis in Light-Chain Amyloidosis","volume":"288","author":"Wan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2016.1221815","article-title":"Identification of prognostic markers in transthyretin and AL cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"23","author":"Damy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.07.100","article-title":"Impact of clinical and echocardiographic characteristics on occurrence of cardiac events in cardiac amyloidosis as proven by endomyocardial biopsy","volume":"176","author":"Nakahashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.04.010","article-title":"Screening for Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy in Everyday Practice","volume":"7","author":"Witteles","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-0364","article-title":"Left Atrial Morphology, Size and Function in Patients With Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis and Primary Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy","volume":"80","author":"Dattilo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-310138","article-title":"Relationship between aetiology and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"103","author":"Rosmini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3919","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12986","article-title":"Heart failure from ATTRwt amyloid cardiomyopathy is associated with poor prognosis","volume":"7","author":"Kocher","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.83.3.808","article-title":"Prognostic significance of Doppler measures of diastolic function in cardiac amyloidosis. A Doppler echocardiography study","volume":"83","author":"Klein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.066423","article-title":"Impact of Progression of Diastolic Dysfunction on Mortality in Patients With Normal Ejection FractionClinical Perspective","volume":"125","author":"AlJaroudi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz905","article-title":"Echocardiographic phenotype and prognosis in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"41","author":"Chacko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Prognostic Utility of Echocardiographic Atrial and Ventricular Strain Imaging in Patients With Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"14","author":"Huntjens","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa043","article-title":"Phasic left atrial strain analysis to discriminate cardiac amyloidosis in patients with unclear thick heart pathology","volume":"22","author":"Brand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J.-Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-020-01948-9","article-title":"Left atrial strain imaging differentiates cardiac amyloidosis and hypertensive heart disease","volume":"37","author":"Rausch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/21\/4888\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:22:07Z","timestamp":1760167327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/21\/4888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10214888"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10214888","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]]}}}