{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:10:17Z","timestamp":1782742217911,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]],"date-time":"2021-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Good metabolic control of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) leads to a reduction in complications. The only validated parameter for establishing the degree of control is glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). We examined the relationship between HbA1c and a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. Materials and methods: A cohort prospective study with 191 pediatric patients with T1D was conducted. Time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), coefficient of variation (CV), number of capillary blood glucose tests, and HbA1c before sensor insertion and at one year of use were collected. Results: Patients were classified into five groups according to HbA1c at one year of using CGM. They performed fewer capillary blood glucose test at one year using CGM (\u22126 +\/\u2212 2, p &lt; 0.0001). We found statistically significant differences in TIR between categories. Although groups with HbA1c &lt; 6.5% and HbA1c 6.5\u20137% had the highest TIR (62.214 and 50.462%), their values were highly below optimal control according to CGM consensus. Groups with TBR &lt; 5% were those with HbA1c between 6.5% and 8%. Conclusions: In our study, groups classified as well-controlled by guidelines were not consistent with good control according to the CGM consensus criteria. HbA1c should not be considered as the only parameter for metabolic control. CGM parameters allow individualized targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]],"date-time":"2021-10-24T22:06:16Z","timestamp":1635113176000},"page":"4913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Good Metabolic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Does Glycated Hemoglobin Correlate with Interstitial Glucose Monitoring Using FreeStyle Libre?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7270-4531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rocio","family":"Porcel-Chac\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, Hospital Costa del Sol, 29603 Marbella, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Ant\u00fanez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital de Algeciras, 11207 Cadiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mora Loro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, Hospital Regional de Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0585-0886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana-Belen","family":"Ariza-Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, 14004 Cordoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo","family":"Tapia Ceballos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Regional Materno-Infantil de Malaga, 29011 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Jimenez Hinojosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Regional Materno-Infantil de Malaga, 29011 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Pedro","family":"Lopez-Siguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Regional Materno-Infantil de Malaga, 29011 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2259-7253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Leiva Gea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Regional Materno-Infantil de Malaga, 29011 Malaga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association (2019). 13. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes\u20142019. Diabetes Care, 42, S148\u2013S164.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-S013"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3272-2","article-title":"Contrasting the clinical care and outcomes of 2622 children with type 1 diabetes less than 6 years of age in the United States T1D Exchange and German\/Austrian DPV registries","volume":"57","author":"Maahs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2009.00596.x","article-title":"Target setting in intensive insulin management is associated with metabolic control: The Hvidoere childhood diabetes study group centre differences study 2005","volume":"11","author":"Swift","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-019-00720-0","article-title":"The Impact of Flash Glucose Monitoring on Glycaemic Control as Measured by HbA1c: A Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials and Real-World Observational Studies","volume":"11","author":"Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818822496","article-title":"The Relationships Between Time in Range, Hyperglycemia Metrics, and HbA1c","volume":"13","author":"Beck","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0310","article-title":"The Relationship of Hemoglobin A1C to Time-in-Range in Patients with Diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Vigersky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol. Ther."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/21\/4913\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:22:25Z","timestamp":1760167345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/21\/4913"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10214913"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10214913","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]]}}}