{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T23:34:27Z","timestamp":1787787267279,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Over the next decades, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is estimated to double. Our aim was to investigate the causes of the long-term mortality in relation to the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The analysed population consisted of 7367 consecutive patients referred for elective coronary angiography enrolled in a large single-centre retrospective registry, out of whom 1484 had AF and 2881 were diagnosed with obstructive CCS. During follow-up (median = 2029 days), 1201 patients died. The highest all-cause death was seen in AF(+)\/CCS(+) [194\/527; 36.8%], followed by AF(+)\/CCS(\u2212) [210\/957; 21.9%], AF(\u2212)\/CCS(+) [(459\/2354; 19.5%)] subgroups. AF ([HR]AC = 1.48, 95%CI, 1.09\u20132.01; HRCV = 1.34, 95%CI, 1.07\u20131.68) and obstructive CCS (HRAC = 1.90, 95%CI, 1.56\u20132.31; HRCV = 2.27, 95%CI, 1.94\u20132.65) together with age, male gender, heart failure, obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes were predictors of both all-cause and CV mortality. The main findings are as follow among patients referred for elective coronary angiography, both AF and obstructive CCS are strong and independent predictors of the long-term mortality. Mortality of AF without CCS was at least as high as non-AF patients with CCS. CV deaths were more frequent than non-CV deaths in AF patients with CCS compared to those with either AF or CCS alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T23:54:33Z","timestamp":1635292473000},"page":"4949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predicting Mortality in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Obstructive Chronic Coronary Syndrome: The Bialystok Coronary Project"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4156-5695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Ku\u017ama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0153-0356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Tomaszuk-Kazberuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-3339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Kurasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Dobrzycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6460-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Kozi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3297-3320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Sobkowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Y. H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK"},{"name":"Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000659","article-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2019 Update: A Report from the American Heart Association","volume":"139","author":"Benjamin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht280","article-title":"Projections on the number of individuals with atrial fibrillation in the European Union, from 2000 to 2060","volume":"34","author":"Krijthe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. 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