{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T21:18:20Z","timestamp":1794431900760,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"The Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Dnr 521-2012-1771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 521-2012-1771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet and Link\u00f6pings University and the Swedish Society of Spinal Surgeons","award":["ALF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALF"]}]},{"name":"Paul Gerdhem was supported by Region Stockholm (clinical research appointment).","award":["Clinical research appointment"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Clinical research appointment"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) often receive conservative treatments aiming to prevent progression of the spinal deformity during puberty. This study aimed to explore patient adherence and secondary outcomes during the first 6 months in an ongoing randomised controlled trial of three treatment interventions. Interventions consisted of physical activity combined with either hypercorrective Boston brace night shift (NB), scoliosis-specific exercise (SSE), or physical activity alone (PA). Measures at baseline and 6 months included angle of trunk rotation (ATR), Cobb angle, International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF), pictorial Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (pSAQ), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22r), EuroQol 5-Dimensions Youth (EQ-5D-Y) and Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Patient adherence, motivation, and capability in performing the intervention were reported at 6 months. The study included 135 patients (111 females) with AIS and &gt;1-year estimated remaining growth, mean age 12.7 (1.4) years, and mean Cobb angle 31 (\u00b15.3). At 6 months, the proportion of patients in the groups reporting high to very high adherence ranged between 72 and 95%, while motivation ranged between 65 and 92%, with the highest proportion seen in the NB group (p = 0.014, p= 0.002). IPAQ-SF displayed significant between group main effects regarding moderate activity (F = 5.7; p = 0.004; \u03b7p2 = 0.10), with a medium-sized increase favouring the SSE group compared to NB. Walking showed significant between group main effects, as did metabolic equivalent (MET-min\/week), with medium (F = 6.8, p = 0.002; \u03b7p2 = 0.11, and large (F = 8.3, p = &lt; 0.001, \u03b7p2 = 0.14) increases, respectively, for the SSE and PA groups compared to NB. From baseline to 6 months, ATR showed significant between group medium-sized main effects (F = 1.2, p = 0.019, \u03b7p2 = 0.007) favouring the NB group compared to PA, but not reaching a clinically relevant level. In conclusion, patients reported high adherence and motivation to treatment, especially in the NB group. Patients in the SSE and PA groups increased their physical activity levels without other clinically relevant differences between groups in other clinical measures or patient-reported outcomes. The results suggest that the prescribed treatments are viable first-step options during the first 6 months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T23:54:33Z","timestamp":1635292473000},"page":"4967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Six-Month Results on Treatment Adherence, Physical Activity, Spinal Appearance, Spinal Deformity, and Quality of Life in an Ongoing Randomised Trial on Conservative Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (CONTRAIS)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-6380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlene","family":"Dufvenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Physiotherapy, Link\u00f6ping University, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Diarbakerli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5228-738X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Charalampidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8612-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitta","family":"\u00d6berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Physiotherapy, Link\u00f6ping University, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Tropp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Link\u00f6ping University, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Aspberg Ahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Ryhov County Hospital, SE 551 85 J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Stockholm Center for Spine Surgery, SE 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Gerdhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4318-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Physiotherapy, Link\u00f6ping University, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, SE 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5455\/aces.20130422110147","article-title":"Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"3","author":"Ekinci","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACES"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00330","article-title":"The Evidence Base for the Prognosis and Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: The 2015 Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation Clinical Research Award","volume":"97","author":"Weinstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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