{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:42:51Z","timestamp":1789166571550,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic kidney disease belongs to the major complications of diabetes mellitus. Here, hyperglycaemia is a key metabolic factor that causes endothelial dysfunction and vascular changes within the renal glomerulus. The aim of the present study was to assess the function of the vascular endothelium in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) by measuring selected endothelial lesion markers in blood serum. The selected markers of endothelial lesions (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-SELECTIN, PAI-1, ADMA and RAGE) were assayed by the immunoenzymatic ELISA method. The study involved 66 patients (age: 5\u201318 years) with type 1 diabetes and 21 healthy controls (age: 5\u201316 years). In the type 1 diabetes patients, significantly higher concentrations of all of the assayed markers were observed compared to the healthy controls (p &lt; 0.001). All of the evaluated markers positively correlated with the disease duration, the age, and BMI of the patients, while only PAI-1 and sE-SELECTIN were characteristic of linear correlations with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It can be concluded that endothelial inflammatory disease occurs in the early stages of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children. The correlations between PAI-1, sE-SELECTIN, and eGFR suggest an advantage of these markers over other markers of endothelial dysfunction as prognostic factors for kidney dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10215065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T22:21:34Z","timestamp":1635805294000},"page":"5065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Function in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"Nocu\u0144-Wasilewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical Univeristy, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Zwoli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical Univeristy, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6641-6776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Zubkiewicz-Kucharska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Polak-Jonkisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical Univeristy, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.002","article-title":"Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035","volume":"103","author":"Guariguata","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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