{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T21:20:39Z","timestamp":1793136039598,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although gastroschisis is often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, there is still a gap in the literature about which prenatal ultrasound markers can predict complex gastroschisis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the ultrasound markers that characterize complex gastroschisis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the guidelines of PRISMA. The protocol was registered (PROSPERO ID CRD42020211685). Meta-analysis was displayed graphically on Forest plots, which estimate prevalence rates and risk ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, using STATA version 15.0. The combined prevalence of intestinal complications in fetuses with complex gastroschisis was 27.0%, with a higher prevalence of atresia (about 48%), followed by necrosis (about 25%). The prevalence of deaths in newborns with complex gastroschisis was 15.0%. The predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis were intraabdominal bowel dilatation (IABD) (RR 3.01, 95% CI 2.22 to 4.07; I2 = 15.7%), extra-abdominal bowel dilatation (EABD) (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.39; I2 = 77.1%), and polyhydramnios (RR 3.81, 95% CI 2.09 to 6.95; I2 = 0.0%). This review identified that IABD, EABD, and polyhydramnios were considered predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis. However, evidence regarding gestational age at the time of diagnosis is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10225215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T12:46:23Z","timestamp":1636461983000},"page":"5215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ultrasound Markers for Complex Gastroschisis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4145-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui Gilberto","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74650-050, GO, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74605-020, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9902-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Rodrigues","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74650-050, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0755-0753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Le\u00e3o","family":"de Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74650-050, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0168-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Sardinha","family":"de Abreu Tacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74650-050, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9945-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lelia Luanne Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74605-020, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9981-7085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia Cruz","family":"e Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ginecologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 04024-002, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1881-6345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louren\u00e7o","family":"Sbragia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0824-1138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waldemar Naves","family":"do Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74650-050, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-5858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Ruano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston (UTHealth), Houston 77030, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5568","article-title":"Using three-dimensional ultrasound in predicting complex gastroschisis: A longitudinal, prospective, multicenter cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Hijkoop","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prenat. 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