{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:39:46Z","timestamp":1774535986276,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1A2C2002393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1A2C2002393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To report retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-related submacular hemorrhage developing after administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, a single-center, retrospective observational case series was conducted. Clinical data including fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were reviewed. Twenty-three eyes of 21 patients were included with the median age at symptom presentation being 77 years (range: 51\u201385 years). Twelve eyes (52.2%) had submacular hemorrhage and 11 (47.8%) had RVO. Twelve patients (60.9%) had been vaccinated with the Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) and 8 with the AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1) vaccine. Sixteen patients (76.2%) experienced ocular disease exacerbation after the first vaccination and 4 (19.0%) after the second vaccination. The median visual acuity (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution; logMAR) before symptom development was 0.76 (interquartile range: 0.27\u20131.23); the median logMAR at symptom presentation was 1.40 (interquartile range 0.52\u20131.70). The median time between vaccination and symptom exacerbation was 2.0 days (interquartile range: 1.0\u20133.0 days). Five patients (23.8%) underwent tests for hematological abnormalities, including the presence of anti-PF4 antibodies; all were negative. Further studies with larger patient group for evaluation of effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on retinal hemorrhage are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10235705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T21:01:45Z","timestamp":1638738105000},"page":"5705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Retinal Hemorrhage after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hyo Song","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeojue","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kong Eye Clinic, Seoul 03157, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suk Ho","family":"Byeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong Joon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5054-9470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher Seungkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03772, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021). 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