{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:25:04Z","timestamp":1790115904985,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Our study aimed to determine the feasibility of axillary reverse mapping (ARM) technique, the identification rate of ARM nodes and their metastatic involvement, as well as to identify the factors that influence the identification and metastatic involvement. Material and methods. In total, 30 breast cancer patients scheduled for axillary lymph node dissection were enrolled in our study. The lymphatic nodes that drain the arm were identified by injecting 1 mL of blue dye in the ipsilateral upper arm; then, the ARM nodes were resected along with the other lymph nodes and sent for histological evaluation. Results. Identification of ARM node was successful in 18 patients (60%) and 22.22% of the identified ARM lymph nodes had metastatic involvement. Patients with identified ARM nodes had a significant lower BMI and a statistically significant relationship between axillary lymph node status and ARM node metastases was proven. Most of ARM lymph nodes (96.3%) were found above the intercostobrachial nerve, under the axillary vein and lateral to the thoracodorsal bundle. Conclusions. The ARM procedure is easy to reproduce but might not be appropriate for patients with a high BMI. The rate of metastatic involvement of ARM nodes is significant and no factor can predict it, showing that the preservation of these nodes cannot be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10235707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T22:18:42Z","timestamp":1638829122000},"page":"5707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Preventing Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Feasibility of Axillary Reverse Mapping Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7591-4059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Caziuc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Schlanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400162 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgiana","family":"Amarinei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vlad","family":"Fagarasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Andras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Calin","family":"Dindelegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Surgical Clinic, Surgical Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, 400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2017.11.04","article-title":"Breast cancer-related lymphedema: Risk factors, precautionary measures, and treatments","volume":"7","author":"Gillespie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gland Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-020-01120-0","article-title":"Axillary surgery for breast cancer: Past, present, and future","volume":"28","author":"Noguchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2020.08.007","article-title":"Clinical application of axillary reverse mapping in patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Wijaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.01.152","article-title":"Evaluation of axillary reverse mapping (ARM) in clinically axillary node negative breast cancer patients\u2014Randomised controlled trial","volume":"75","author":"Abdelhamid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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Breast Cancer"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/23\/5707\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:40:15Z","timestamp":1760168415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/23\/5707"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10235707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10235707","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]}}}