{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T01:23:56Z","timestamp":1772501036891,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep disorders and primary headaches are frequent health problems in childhood, and they are often comorbid in an individual, linked by a mutual and complex relationship. This comorbidity is frequent and well-documented, but the available literature is usually biased in favor of one aspect or another, mainly depending on the expertise of the authors. The aim of this paper is to review existing literature on the diagnostic assessment of comorbid primary headaches and sleep disorders, so as to propose practical suggestions to accurately investigate the presence of comorbid conditions in children evaluated for primary headaches or for sleep disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T09:02:19Z","timestamp":1639558939000},"page":"5887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["How to Assess the Headache\u2014Sleep Disorders Comorbidity in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Agnese","family":"Onofri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Clinic\u2014Child Headache Center, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital L\u2019Aquila, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela Ada Noris","family":"Ferilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4178-2577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Tozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Clinic\u2014Child Headache Center, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital L\u2019Aquila, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Ursitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Sforza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Olivieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Clinic\u2014Child Headache Center, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital L\u2019Aquila, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7312-2768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Proietti Checchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Psychology, Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Vigevano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6602-103X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Valeriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Denmark Neurology Unit, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6200-060X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romina","family":"Moavero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza di Sant\u2019Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Child Neurology Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University Hospital of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6957.765","article-title":"Prevalence of Headache and Migraine in Schoolchildren","volume":"309","author":"Russell","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"154","article-title":"Sleep Problems","volume":"34","author":"Owens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. 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