{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:26:16Z","timestamp":1775082376151,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Medical cannabis\u2019 importance in Poland increased dramatically following its legalization as the 12th country in Europe in 2017. However, no studies have been published to give insight into Polish physicians\u2019 opinions about medical cannabis. Objectives: To investigate physician\u2019s opinions about cannabinoids\u2019 utility in clinical practice, concerns regarding their safety profile, and their clinical experience with cannabinoids. Methods: The survey using a self-developed tool was conducted online; participants were physicians with or without specialist training. Participation was voluntary. Physicians were recruited through personal networks, palliative care courses, and Medical Chambers. Results: From June to October 2020, we recruited 173 physicians from 15\/16 voivodeships. The largest age group (43.9%; n = 76) was 30\u201339 year-olds. A similar proportion declared they never used cannabis and did not receive any training regarding cannabinoids (60% for both). Only 15 (8%) ever prescribed medical cannabis, although about 50% declared knowing suitable patients for such therapy, and 53.8% had at least one patient proactively asking for such treatment in the last 6 mo. The most common indication chosen was pain: chronic cancer-related (n = 128), chronic non-cancer (n = 77), and neuropathic (n = 60). Other commonly chosen conditions were alleviation of cancer treatment side-effects (n = 56) and cachexia (n = 57). The overall safety profile of THC was assessed as similar to most commonly used medications, including opioids; NSAIDs and benzodiazepines were, however, perceived as safer. Conclusions: Polish physicians favored the legalization of medical cannabis. However, it is of concern that a limited number have any experience with prescribing cannabis. The creation of clear guidelines to advise physicians in their routine practice and education about pain management and the risks related to the consumption of recreational cannabis for medical conditions are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T01:14:02Z","timestamp":1641518042000},"page":"236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["To Treat or Not to Treat? Polish Physicians\u2019 Opinions about the Clinical Aspects of Cannabinoids\u2014An Online Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4993-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martyna Joanna","family":"Hordowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospice of St. Christopher in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polish Society of Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Jarosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Society of Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5611-0493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Klimkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Society of Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Czapli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospice of St. Christopher in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polish Society of Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Leonhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospice of St. Christopher in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polish Society of Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5046-2591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Wysocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospice of St. Christopher in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Ethics and Palliative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14a, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Medicinal Cannabis: History, Pharmacology, And Implications for the Acute Care Setting","volume":"42","author":"Bridgeman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. 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