{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T01:14:24Z","timestamp":1785028464355,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The purpose of this study is to analyse the long-term effects of a 12-week course of topical steroids on adenoid size and its mucus using endoscopy and on middle ear effusion measured by tympanometry. Methods: The study presents an endoscopic choanal assessment of the change in adenoid size (adenoid to choanae ratio, A\/C ratio) and its mucus coverage in 165 children with Grade II and III adenoid hypertrophy three to six months after finishing a 12-week course of intranasal steroid treatment with mometasone furoate. Additionally, tympanometry was performed to measure middle ear effusion. Changes in the tympanograms were analysed. Results: The mean A\/C ratio before treatment was 65.73%. Three to six months after finishing a 12-week course of intranasal steroid treatment, the mean A\/C ratio decreased to 65.52%, although the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.743). There was no change in adenoid mucus according to the MASNA scale before and three to six months after the end of the steroid treatment (p = 0.894). Long-term observations of tympanograms before and three to six months after the end of the treatment did not show improvement (p = 0.428). Conclusions: The results indicate that there was no effect of topical steroids on adenoid size, its mucus and otitis media with effusion (OME) three to six months after finishing a 12-week course of treatment. In the light of performed study, decision of adenoidectomy and tympanostomy should not be procrastinated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T22:51:06Z","timestamp":1642719066000},"page":"507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Long-Term Effects of 12-Week Intranasal Steroid Therapy on Adenoid Size, Its Mucus Coverage and Otitis Media with Effusion: A Cohort Study in Preschool Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5824-8709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksander","family":"Zwierz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystyna","family":"Masna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9766-8730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Domagalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Burduk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215117000408","article-title":"Use of intranasal corticosteroids in adenotonsillar hypertrophy","volume":"131","author":"Sakarya","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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