{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:47:38Z","timestamp":1760150858231,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The introduction of new therapeutics for patients with chronic heart failure, including sacubitril\/valsartan, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and ivabradine, in addition to beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, lends an opportunity for significant clinical risk reduction compared to what was available just one decade ago. Further clinical options are needed, however, for patients with residual clinical congestion refractory to these therapies. Adaptive servo-ventilation is a novel therapeutic option to address significant clinical volume in cases resistant to medical therapy. The aggregate benefit of these additional therapeutic strategies in addition to foundational medical therapy may be a promising option in the selected candidates who do not achieve acceptable clinical and quality-of-life improvements with oral medical therapy alone. Now is the era to reconsider the implication of an adaptive servo-ventilation-therapy-incorporated medical therapeutic strategy for patients with congestive heart failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T08:37:18Z","timestamp":1642754238000},"page":"539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Adaptive Servo-Ventilation as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7294-7637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teruhiko","family":"Imamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikhil","family":"Narang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, IL 60453, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Kinugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1236","article-title":"Advanced heart failure: A position statement of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"20","author":"Metra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30748-0","article-title":"Estimating lifetime benefits of comprehensive disease-modifying pharmacological therapies in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A comparative analysis of three randomised controlled trials","volume":"396","author":"Vaduganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"2252","article-title":"JCS\/JHFS 2021 Guideline Focused Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"85","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. J. Off. J. Jpn. Circ. Soc."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1369","article-title":"The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion\u2014A position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"21","author":"Mullens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12842","article-title":"Prevalence and prognostic impact of subclinical pulmonary congestion at discharge in patients with acute heart failure","volume":"7","author":"Maestro","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.06.034","article-title":"Combination of loop diuretics with thiazide-type diuretics in heart failure","volume":"56","author":"Jentzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.2165\/11204630-000000000-00000","article-title":"Tolvaptan","volume":"70","author":"Plosker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2018.10.003","article-title":"Update of acute and long-term tolvaptan therapy","volume":"73","author":"Imamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2011.12.008","article-title":"Treatment of Cheyne-Stokes respiration-central sleep apnea in patients with heart failure","volume":"59","author":"Momomura","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"981","article-title":"Adaptive servo-ventilation therapy for patients with chronic heart failure in a confirmatory, multicenter, randomized, controlled study","volume":"79","author":"Momomura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. J. Off. J. Jpn. Circ. Soc."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506459","article-title":"Adaptive Servo-Ventilation for Central Sleep Apnea in Systolic Heart Failure","volume":"373","author":"Cowie","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1515007","article-title":"Adaptive Servo-Ventilation for Central Sleep Apnea in Heart Failure","volume":"374","author":"Cowie","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.17-429","article-title":"What is the Optimal Strategy for Adaptive Servo-Ventilation Therapy?","volume":"59","author":"Imamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0379-7","article-title":"Congestion in heart failure: A contemporary look at physiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Boorsma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","article-title":"Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure","volume":"371","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.039920","article-title":"Prognostic Implications of Congestion on Physical Examination Among Contemporary Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: PARADIGM-HF","volume":"140","author":"Selvaraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024816","article-title":"Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"383","author":"Heerspink","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakagaito, M., Imamura, T., Joho, S., Ushijima, R., Nakamura, M., and Kinugawa, K. (2021). Renoprotective effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients with decompensated heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02163-7"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"565","article-title":"Optimal Use of Beta-Blockers for Congestive Heart Failure","volume":"80","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. J. Off. J. Jpn. Circ. Soc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872614549103","article-title":"The effect of adaptive servo-ventilation on dyspnoea, haemodynamic parameters and plasma catecholamine concentrations in acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema","volume":"4","author":"Nakano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/chf.12021","article-title":"A novel approach to monitoring pulmonary congestion in heart failure: Initial animal and clinical experiences using remote dielectric sensing technology","volume":"19","author":"Amir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Congest. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.06.323","article-title":"Validation of remote dielectric sensing (ReDS) technology for quantification of lung fluid status: Comparison to high resolution chest computed tomography in patients with and without acute heart failure","volume":"221","author":"Amir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imamura, T., Gonoi, W., Hori, M., Ueno, Y., Narang, N., Onoda, H., Tanaka, S., Nakamura, M., Kataoka, N., and Ushijima, R. (2021). Validation of Noninvasive Remote Dielectric Sensing System to Quantify Lung Fluid Levels. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010164"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.4271-19","article-title":"Use of a Non-invasive Cardiac Output Measurement in a Patient with Low-output Dilated Cardiomyopathy","volume":"59","author":"Nakayama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-21-0132","article-title":"Pressure ramp testing for optimization of end-expiratory pressure settings in adaptive servo-ventilation therapy","volume":"4","author":"Hori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ. Rep."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hori, M., Imamura, T., Oshima, A., Onoda, H., and Kinugawa, K. (Am. J. Case Rep., 2022). Novel ramp test to optimize pressure setting of adaptive servo-ventilation using non-invasive lung fluid level quantification, Am. J. Case Rep., in press.","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.935086"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.113","article-title":"Heart failure and kidney dysfunction: Epidemiology, mechanisms and management","volume":"12","author":"Schefold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001104","article-title":"Incidence, predictors, and outcomes related to hypo- and hyperkalemia in patients with severe heart failure treated with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist","volume":"7","author":"Vardeny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000792","article-title":"Incidence, determinants, and prognostic significance of hyperkalemia and worsening renal function in patients with heart failure receiving the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone or placebo in addition to optimal medical therapy: Results from the Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure (EMPHASIS-HF)","volume":"7","author":"Rossignol","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.21-202","article-title":"Association Between Adaptive Servo-Ventilation Therapy and Renal Function","volume":"62","author":"Imamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3487","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13002","article-title":"Effect of sacubitril\/valsartan on renal function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"7","author":"Spannella","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-21-0024","article-title":"Renoprotective Effect of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Esaxerenone","volume":"3","author":"Oshima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. Rep."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2025845","article-title":"Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"383","author":"Bakris","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/3\/539\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:05:21Z","timestamp":1760133921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/3\/539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11030539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11030539","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]}}}