{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T23:30:12Z","timestamp":1768260612563,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections are common infectious diseases. The main aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the incidence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in 2010\u20132015 in Poland, taking into account the administrative division of the country into provinces. This was a retrospective study. The analysed data came from the Centre for Health Information Systems of the Ministry of Health and constituted information being the epidemiological surveillance system in Poland. The analysis included data on the incidence of primary and secondary syphilis, gonorrhoea and non-gonococcal urethritis and genital infections. The overall incidence rates were disproportionately lower than European rates and those presented in studies from other countries. Young people, between 20 and 29 years of age, were the key groups at the highest risk of infection. The incidence rate of primary and secondary syphilis was lower in Poland than in Europe or America, but some regions, such as Mazovia and Lodz provinces, were found to have a higher incidence rate than other European rates. The reported incidence of gonorrhoea in Poland was also significantly lower compared with other countries, with a significantly higher number of infections in males than in females, and this was also one of the highest rates in EU countries. During the study period, the number of non-gonococcal genital infections systematically decreased, while in other countries of the European region, the incidence was among the highest of all sexually transmitted infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11040998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T20:26:42Z","timestamp":1644870402000},"page":"998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative Analysis of the Incidence of Selected Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections in Poland in 2010\u20132015: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Magda","family":"Orzechowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Supervision, National Institute of Public Health\u2014National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5116-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Cybulski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elzbieta","family":"Krajewska-Kulak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4179-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Gniadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wiaczeslaw","family":"Niczyporuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Lomza, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2011.52.9.589","article-title":"Current concepts in bacterial sexually transmitted diseases","volume":"52","author":"Shim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2015). Sexually Transmitted Infections in Europe 2013, ECDC."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"287","article-title":"Bacterial sexually transmitted infections","volume":"17","author":"Buder","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30382","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.43.30382","article-title":"Increased incidence of syphilis in men who have sex with men and risk management strategies, Germany, 2015","volume":"21","author":"Jansen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2016). Report on Global Sexually Transmitted Infection Surveillance 2015, World Health Organization. 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Infect."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/4\/998\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:19:42Z","timestamp":1760134782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/4\/998"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11040998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11040998","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]}}}