{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:56:23Z","timestamp":1793066183347,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Effective suturing remains key to achieving successful outcomes in corneal surgery, especially anterior lamellar keratoplasty and full thickness transplantation. Limitations in the technique may result in complications such as wound leak, infection, or high astigmatism post corneal graft. By using a systematic approach, this study reviews articles and conducts content analysis based on update 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria). The aim of this paper is to summarize the state of the art of corneal suturing techniques for every type of corneal transplant and patient age and also their outcomes regarding astigmatism and complications. Future developments for corneal transplantation will be also discussed. This is important because especially the young surgeon must have knowledge of the implications of every suture performed in order to achieve consistent and predictable post-operative outcomes and also be aware of all the possible complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11041078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T08:22:19Z","timestamp":1645431739000},"page":"1078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Update on Suture Techniques in Corneal Transplantation: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8534-6817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Pagano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haider","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3738-1228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Al Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunal A.","family":"Gadhvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2410-6366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Coco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason W.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Paul\u2019s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK"},{"name":"Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Levis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin J.","family":"Hamill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2275-4917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Semeraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5148-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2015.05.002","article-title":"Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing","volume":"Volume 134","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.07.002","article-title":"Progress in corneal wound healing","volume":"49","author":"Ljubimov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. 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