{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:08:19Z","timestamp":1791198499726,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Spain","award":["PID2019-107391RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-107391RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat Valenciana, Spain","award":["PROMETEO\/2019\/048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROMETEO\/2019\/048"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Universidades, European Union-Next Generation EU Grant: Margarita Salas","award":["not available"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["not available"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most of the new premium models of intraocular lenses for presbyopia correction use diffractive optics in their optical design. The presence of multiple foci and the difference of the diffractive efficiency for different wavelengths have a great impact in the lens optical performance. In this context, there is a limited information available for clinicians to understand the optical principles that differentiate each design and their potential influence on clinical outcomes. Optical bench studies with polychromatic light are necessary to solve this limitation. In this work, a custom made optical bench was employed to assess with polychromatic light the through the focus optical quality of three different IOL designs: trifocal, EDOF effect; and enhanced monofocal. By using different and complimentary approaches: images of the USAF test, axial PSFs and TF-MTFs, each design revealed its intrinsic features, which were not previously reported for these IOLs models in a comparative way. It was found that the chromatic aberration plays a very important role in the performance of each IOL. Our results could help clinicians to understand the optical principle of each lens and also provide useful information for choosing the lens that best suits the needs of the individual patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11051212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T07:22:35Z","timestamp":1645687355000},"page":"1212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["In Vitro Chromatic Performance of Three Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses with Different Optical Designs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5965-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Montagud-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnolog\u00edas F\u00edsicas, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de \u00d3ptica y Optometr\u00eda y Ciencias de la Visi\u00f3n, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7434-7109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Ferrando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnolog\u00edas F\u00edsicas, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8548-3157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Espert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de \u00d3ptica y Optometr\u00eda y Ciencias de la Visi\u00f3n, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Aiken, Fundaci\u00f3n Aiken, 46004 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Garcia-Delpech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Aiken, Fundaci\u00f3n Aiken, 46004 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Monsoriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnolog\u00edas F\u00edsicas, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter D.","family":"Furlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de \u00d3ptica y Optometr\u00eda y Ciencias de la Visi\u00f3n, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46100 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2018.04.003","article-title":"Premium intraocular lenses: The past, present and future","volume":"30","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Curr. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_19_17","article-title":"Multifocal intraocular lenses: Types, outcomes, complications and how to solve them","volume":"7","author":"Salerno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Taiwan J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.09.026","article-title":"Multifocal and extended depth-of-focus intraocular lenses in 2020","volume":"128","author":"Rampat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.05.047","article-title":"Design and qualification of a diffractive trifocal optical profile for intraocular lenses","volume":"37","author":"Gatinel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20141021-08","article-title":"Clinical outcomes with a trifocal intraocular lens: A multicenter study","volume":"30","author":"Cochener","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.09.025","article-title":"Comparison of 3-month visual outcomes of a spherical and a toric trifocal intraocular lens","volume":"45","author":"Poyales","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.09.039","article-title":"Special report: American Academy of Ophthalmology Task Force consensus statement for extended depth of focus intraocular lenses","volume":"124","author":"MacRae","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chae, S.H., Son, H.S., Khoramnia, R., Lee, K.H., and Choi, C.Y. (2020). Laboratory evaluation of the optical properties of two extended-depth-of-focus intraocular lenses. BMC Ophthalmol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-1332-6"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20181108-01","article-title":"Longitudinal chromatic aberration and polychromatic image quality metrics of intraocular lenses","volume":"34","author":"Papadatou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000037","article-title":"Assessment of the image quality of extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens models in polychromatic light","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000109","article-title":"Extended depth-of-focus technology in intraocular lenses","volume":"46","author":"Kohnen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20210610-03","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes of a New Hybrid Monofocal IOL With Extended Depth of Focus","volume":"37","author":"Baur","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20210518-02","article-title":"Enhanced Monofocal Extended Depth of Focus IOL with a Diffractive Surface Design","volume":"37","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20200519-02","article-title":"Optical performance of a trifocal IOL and a novel extended depth of focus IOL combined with different corneal profiles","volume":"36","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20210518-03","article-title":"Changes in Optical Quality Induced by Tilt and Decentration of a Trifocal IOL and a Novel Extended Depth of Focus IOL in Eyes with Corneal Myopic Ablations","volume":"37","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2014). ISO 11979-2, International Organization for Standardization. Ophthalmic Implants-Intraocular Lenses-Part 2: Optical Properties and Test Methods."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/325439a0","article-title":"Spectral sensitivity of human cone photoreceptors","volume":"325","author":"Schnapf","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2019.06.002","article-title":"Topography and longitudinal chromatic aberration characterizations of refractive\u2013diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses","volume":"45","author":"Loicq","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4294","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.004294","article-title":"Extended depth of focus intraocular lens. Chromatic performance","volume":"8","author":"Vega","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rem\u00f3n, L., Garc\u00eda-Delpech, S., Udaondo, P., Ferrando, V., Monsoriu, J.A., and Furlan, W.D. (2018). Fractal-structured multifocal intraocular lens. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200197"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"(2021, December 21). xact Mono-EDoF IOL: Continuous Focus for High Quality Vision from Distance to Intermediate. Available online: https:\/\/www.teleon-surgical.com\/en\/national\/products\/xact-mono-edof-iol\/."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"(2021, December 21). ZEISS AT LARA Family. Available online: https:\/\/www.zeiss.com\/meditec\/int\/product-portfolio\/iols\/edof-iols\/at-lara-family.html#specifications."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"(2021, December 21). LENTE TRIFOCAL FINEVISION POD F +35.0|MedicalMix. Available online: https:\/\/www.medicalmix.com\/productos\/lentes-intraoculares\/lente-trifocal\/lente-trifocal-finevision-pod-f-350\/?p=2877."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12063","article-title":"Imaging quality of multifocal intraocular lenses: Automated assessment setup","volume":"33","author":"Calatayud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sasi\u00e1n, J. (2019). Introduction to Lens Design, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108625388"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"(2021, December 30). Thorlabs. Available online: https:\/\/www.thorlabs.com\/drawings\/955aad06ca62679-71949AB8-D64A-C22B-C939CE7F1433BC92\/MCWHL5-SpecSheet.pdf."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.9.12.13","article-title":"Through-focus energy efficiency and longitudinal chromatic aberration of three presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses","volume":"9","author":"Vega","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Son, H.S., \u0141abuz, G., Khoramnia, R., Yildirim, T.M., and Auffarth, G.U. (2021). Laboratory analysis and ray visualization of diffractive optics with enhanced intermediate vision. BMC Ophthalmol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01958-8"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20160428-04","article-title":"Stability of a novel intraocular lens design: Comparison of two trifocal lenses","volume":"32","author":"Poyales","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/5\/1212\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:25:51Z","timestamp":1760135151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/5\/1212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11051212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11051212","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]}}}