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HBV infects human hepatocytes where it establishes its genome, the cccDNA with chromosomal features. Therapies controlling HBV replication exist; however, they are not sufficient to eradicate HBV cccDNA, the main cause for HBV persistence in patients. Core protein is the building block of HBV nucleocapsid. This viral protein modulates almost every step of the HBV life cycle; hence, it represents an attractive target for the development of new antiviral therapies. Capsid assembly modulators (CAM) bind to core dimers and perturb the proper nucleocapsid assembly. The potent antiviral activity of CAM has been demonstrated in cell-based and in vivo models. Moreover, several CAMs have entered clinical development. The aim of this review is to summarize the mechanism of action (MoA) and the advancements in the clinical development of CAMs and in the characterization of their mod of action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11051349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T08:17:03Z","timestamp":1646122623000},"page":"1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Capsid Assembly Modulators as Antiviral Agents against HBV: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6233-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Taverniti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et H\u00e9patiques UMR_S1110, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1237-1936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebtan","family":"Ligat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et H\u00e9patiques UMR_S1110, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6566-9408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"Debing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aligos Belgium BV, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8251-8230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieudonne Buh","family":"Kum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aligos Belgium BV, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8864-2168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Baumert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et H\u00e9patiques UMR_S1110, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, P\u00f4le H\u00e9pato-Digestif, Nouvel H\u00f4pital Civil, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9022-5611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloi R.","family":"Verrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et H\u00e9patiques UMR_S1110, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30270-X","article-title":"Accelerating the elimination of viral hepatitis: A Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission","volume":"4","author":"Cooke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. 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