{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:20:35Z","timestamp":1790630435207,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003451","name":"University of the Basque Country","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["US10\/02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["US10\/02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003451","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAIO10-PE10BF02, SAIO12-PE12BF002, 2012111052, 2019111056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAIO10-PE10BF02, SAIO12-PE12BF002, 2012111052, 2019111056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Basque Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade (Etortek and Elkartek programs), the Inno-vation Technology Department of the Bizkaia County, the ProteoRed-ISCIII","award":["Grant PRB3 IPT17\/0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant PRB3 IPT17\/0019"]}]},{"name":"CIBERehd Network and Severo Ochoa Grant","award":["SEV-2016-0644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEV-2016-0644"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sepsis is a syndrome without a standard validated diagnostic test. Early recognition is crucial. Serum proteome analysis in children with sepsis may identify new biomarkers. This study aimed to find suitable blood biomarkers for an early diagnosis of sepsis. An analytical observational case-control study was carried out in a single center. Children admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with clinical diagnosed sepsis were eligible for study. A proteomic analysis conducted by mass spectrometry was performed. Forty patients with sepsis and 24 healthy donors were recruited. Proteomics results revealed 44 proteins differentially expressed between patients and healthy controls. Six proteins were selected to be validated: lactoferrin, serum amyloid-A1 (SAA-1), complement factor B, leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG1), soluble interleukin-2 alpha chain receptor (sCD25) and soluble haptoglobin\u2013hemoglobin receptor. Our results showed that sCD25, SAA-1, and LRG1 had high levels of specificity and sensitivity, as well as an excellent area under the ROC curve (&gt;0.9). Our study provides a serum proteomic analysis that identifies new diagnostic biomarkers in sepsis. SAA-1, sCD25 and LRG1 were able to separate septic from healthy donor, so they could be used together with other clinical and analytical features to improve sepsis diagnosis in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T22:29:43Z","timestamp":1647210583000},"page":"1563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Three-Protein Panel to Support the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3766-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Pilar-Orive","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5012-0137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itziar","family":"Astigarraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatric Department, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Azkargorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Elortza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8102-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Garcia-Obregon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Physiology Department, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e172352","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.2352","article-title":"Adaptation and Validation of a Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score and Evaluation of the Sepsis-3 Definitions in Critically Ill Children","volume":"171","author":"Matics","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PCC.0000149131.72248.E6","article-title":"International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: Definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics","volume":"6","author":"Goldstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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