{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:57:55Z","timestamp":1790323075997,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are paper-based, leading to a high burden for patients and care providers. The aim of this study was to (1) calibrate an item bank to measure patients\u2019 experience of respect and dignity for adult patients with serious mental illnesses and (2) develop computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to improve the use of this PREM in routine practice. Patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder were enrolled in this multicenter and cross-sectional study. Psychometric analyses were based on classical test and item response theories and included evaluations of unidimensionality, local independence, and monotonicity; calibration and evaluation of model fit; analyses of differential item functioning (DIF); testing of external validity; and finally, CAT development. A total of 458 patients participated in the study. Of the 24 items, 2 highly inter-correlated items were deleted. Factor analysis showed that the remaining items met the unidimensional assumption (RMSEA = 0.054, CFI = 0.988, TLI = 0.986). DIF analyses revealed no biases by sex, age, care setting, or diagnosis. External validity testing has generally supported our assumptions. CAT showed satisfactory accuracy and precision. This work provides a more accurate and flexible measure of patients\u2019 experience of respect and dignity than that obtained from standard questionnaires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T22:09:58Z","timestamp":1647468598000},"page":"1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development and Calibration of the PREMIUM Item Bank for Measuring Respect and Dignity for Patients with Severe Mental Illness"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Fond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Zendjidjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille School of Economics (AMSE), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Baumstarck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Lan\u00e7on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovic","family":"Samalin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7438-8990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre-Michel","family":"Llorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magali","family":"Coldefy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Sant\u00e9 (IRDES), 75019 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Auquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1229-6622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (UR3279), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Collaborators of the French PREMIUM Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20482","article-title":"Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: A global perspective","volume":"17","author":"Kilbourne","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (2001). 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