{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T07:18:37Z","timestamp":1785568717027,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term topographic and refractive outcomes of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus. Methods: We used a retrospective observational study of patients with keratoconus who underwent CXL with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Patients\u2019 refractive and topography data (corrected distance visual acuity, sphere, cylinder, average and maximum keratometry, and corneal aberrations) were collected. Results: A total of 112 patients\/150 eyes (mean age: 33.2 \u00b1 10.7 years; range: 13\u201361) were included. The mean follow-up was 5.87 \u00b1 1.35 years (range: 5\u201310). At the last follow-up visit, an improvement in CDVA, spherical and cylindrical refraction, average and steepest keratometry, and corneal aberrations were observed (p &lt; 0.05), with the exception of trefoil. At the last visit, 49 (34.8%) and 31 (22.0%) eyes had an improvement beyond 1D in their spherical and cylindrical power, respectively, and 43 (28.7%) eyes had a flattening of their steepest keratometry. Progressive improvement over time was observed for spherical refraction; max and mean-K; as well as corneal RMS, total, high, coma, and spherical aberrations (p &lt; 0.05). More severe disease at the baseline correlated with an improvement in corneal aberrations over time. Conclusions: In addition to a progressive improvement in refractive and keratometric indices, corneal aberrations also demonstrate a steady decline with long-term follow-up after CXL, which was more pronounced in more severe patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11071950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T21:34:29Z","timestamp":1648762469000},"page":"1950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Delayed Topographical and Refractive Changes Following Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Eslami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Ghaseminejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Dubord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia N.","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Iovieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santodomingo-Rubido, J., Carracedo, G., Suzaki, A., Villa-Collar, C., Vincent, S.J., and Wolffsohn, J.S. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_21_17","article-title":"Higher-order aberration 4 years after corneal collagen cross-linking","volume":"65","author":"Naderan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. 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