{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:30:45Z","timestamp":1790947845355,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epidemiological studies have suggested that childhood maltreatment increases suicidal ideation, and dissociative symptoms and hopelessness are involved in this relation. To better address this issue, we used a path analysis model to examine the role of different types of childhood maltreatment on suicidal ideation, investigating whether hopelessness and dissociative symptoms mediated this relation. A sample of 215 adult psychiatric inpatients was enrolled between January 2019 and January 2020, at the psychiatric unit of Sant\u2019Andrea Medical Center in Rome, Italy. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II), and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) were used to test the hypotheses. Results revealed that the presence of sexual abuse directly affected suicidal ideation (\u03b2 = 0.18, SE = 0.8, p &lt; 0.05), while emotional abuse and neglect indirectly increased suicidal ideation via dissociation (\u03b2 = 0.05, SE = 0.02, 95% C.I. 0.01\/0.09) and hopelessness (\u03b2 = 0.10, SE = 0.03, 95% C.I. = 0.04\/0.16). Professionals working with children should be aware of the long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment, particularly suicide risk. Furthermore, professionals working with adults should inquire about past childhood maltreatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11082179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T21:33:42Z","timestamp":1649885622000},"page":"2179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Association between Childhood Maltreatment and Suicidal Ideation: A Path Analysis Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0602-871X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Berardelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8105-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Sarubbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 30, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2771-919X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Rogante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Erbuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Psychiatry Unit, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorian A.","family":"Lamis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1389-2290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Innamorati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1886-4977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Pompili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2452","article-title":"Child Maltreatment in the United States: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Adolescent Health Consequences","volume":"118","author":"Hussey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.42","article-title":"Violence, Crime, and Abuse Exposure in a National Sample of Children and Youth: An Update","volume":"167","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.2537","article-title":"Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences from the 2011\u20132014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 23 States","volume":"172","author":"Merrick","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giano, Z., Wheeler, D.L., and Hubach, R.D. 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