{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T03:00:30Z","timestamp":1760151630000,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Image-enhanced endoscopy methods such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) are advantageous over white-light imaging (WLI) for detecting gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and cancer. Although new third-generation high-vision ultrathin endoscopes improve image quality and resolution over second-generation endoscopes, it is unclear whether the former also enhances color differences surrounding atrophy and intestinal metaplasia for endoscopic detection. We compared the efficacy of a new third-generation ultrathin endoscope and an older second-generation endoscope. Methods: We enrolled 50 Helicobacter pylori-eradicated patients who underwent transnasal endoscopy with a second-generation and third-generation endoscope (GIF-290N and GIF-1200N, respectively) in our retrospective study. Color differences based on the International Commission on Illumination 1976 (L*, a*, b*) color space were compared between second-generation and third-generation high-vision endoscopes. Results: Color differences surrounding atrophy produced by NBI on the GIF-1200N endoscope were significantly greater than those on GIF-290N (19.2 \u00b1 8.5 vs. 14.4 \u00b1 6.2, p = 0.001). In contrast, color differences surrounding intestinal metaplasia using both WLI and NBI were similar on GIF-1200N and GIF-290N endoscopes. NBI was advantageous over WLI for detecting intestinal metaplasia on both endoscopes. Conclusions: NBI using a third-generation ultrathin endoscope produced significantly greater color differences surrounding atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in H. pylori-eradicated patients compared with WLI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11082198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T21:44:06Z","timestamp":1649972646000},"page":"2198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of a Third-Generation High-Vision Ultrathin Endoscope for Evaluating Gastric Atrophy and Intestinal Metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori-Eradicated Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Junichi","family":"Uematsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9194-7392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsushige","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Niikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoyoshi","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakatsu","family":"Fukuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Itoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"982","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and endoscopic gastritis-Kyoto classification of gastritis","volume":"112","author":"Kamada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.56.7775","article-title":"Efficacy of the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis in Identifying Patients at High Risk for Gastric Cancer","volume":"56","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa001999","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer","volume":"345","author":"Uemura","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70019-2","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer: A model","volume":"113","author":"Graham","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/den.13684","article-title":"Guidelines for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer","volume":"32","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dig. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.08.049","article-title":"Blue laser imaging-bright improves the real-time detection rate of early gastric cancer: A randomized controlled study","volume":"89","author":"Dohi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.06.043","article-title":"Linked color imaging identifies important risk factors associated with gastric cancer after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori","volume":"90","author":"Majima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1159\/000489454","article-title":"Lavender Color in Linked Color Imaging Enables Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia","volume":"98","author":"Ono","year":"2018","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-2561","article-title":"Linked Color Imaging Focused on Neoplasm Detection in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract: A Randomized Trial","volume":"174","author":"Ono","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5054237","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5054237","article-title":"Objective Endoscopic Analysis with Linked Color Imaging regarding Gastric Mucosal Atrophy: A Pilot Study","volume":"2017","author":"Mizukami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12797","article-title":"Evaluation of gastric cancer diagnosis using new ultrathin transnasal endoscopy with narrow-band imaging: Preliminary study","volume":"29","author":"Kawai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.10.064","article-title":"Ultrathin endoscopy versus high-resolution endoscopy for diagnosing superficial gastric neoplasia","volume":"70","author":"Toyoizumi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"178","article-title":"Examination of endoscopic findings in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer associated with the evolution of transnasal endoscope. Japanese association for cancer detection and diagnosis","volume":"29","author":"Kawai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jpn. Assoc. Cancer Detect. Diagn."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001910","article-title":"Optical effect of spraying l-menthol on gastric intestinal metaplasia visualized by linked color imaging","volume":"33","author":"Ono","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawai, Y., Sugimoto, M., Hamada, M., Iwata, E., Niikura, R., Nagata, N., Fukuzawa, M., Itoi, T., and Kawai, T. (2022). Linked color imaging effectively detects the endoscopic atrophic border in transnasal endoscopy. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., in press.","key":"ref_15","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.21-145"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1098086","article-title":"An Endoscopic Recognition of the Atrophic Border and its Significance in Chronic Gastritis","volume":"1","author":"Kimura","year":"1969","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199610000-00001","article-title":"Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994","volume":"20","author":"Dixon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.02.030","article-title":"OLGA staging for gastritis: A tutorial","volume":"40","author":"Rugge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig. Liver. Dis."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.106666","article-title":"Gastritis staging in clinical practice: The OLGA staging system","volume":"56","author":"Rugge","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.66.000497","article-title":"Color-tolerance data and the tentative CIE 1976 L a b formula","volume":"66","author":"Kuehni","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1365526","article-title":"Clinical utility of capsule endoscopy with flexible spectral imaging color enhancement for diagnosis of small bowel lesions","volume":"2","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endosc. Int. Open"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.08.034","article-title":"Unsedated ultrathin EGD is well accepted when compared with conventional sedated EGD: A multicenter randomized trial","volume":"125","author":"Garcia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2007.10.030","article-title":"Feasibility and tolerance of 2-way and 4-way angulation videoscopes for unsedated patients undergoing transnasal EGD in GI cancer screening","volume":"67","author":"Tatsumi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.11.058","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of a new ultrathin one-plane bending videoendoscope for transnasal EGD: A comparative study on performance and tolerance","volume":"66","author":"Dumortier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2015-100589","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopy: No gagging no panic!","volume":"7","author":"Parker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i15.1820","article-title":"Chemoprevention of gastric cancer development after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in an East Asian population: Meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-006-0372-9","article-title":"Metachronous gastric cancers after endoscopic resection: How effective is annual endoscopic surveillance?","volume":"9","author":"Nakajima","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E690","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-107068","article-title":"Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging is more accurate for determination of horizontal extent of early gastric cancers than chromoendoscopy","volume":"4","author":"Kodashima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endosc. Int. Open"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.09.005","article-title":"Usefulness of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging for determining the horizontal extent of early gastric cancer when there is an unclear margin by chromoendoscopy (with video)","volume":"74","author":"Nagahama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319631","article-title":"Early gastric cancer detection in high-risk patients: A multicentre randomised controlled trial on the effect of second-generation narrow band imaging","volume":"70","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.25.4680","article-title":"Early detection of superficial squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region and esophagus by narrow band imaging: A multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Muto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1214594","article-title":"Magnifying endoscopy for diagnosing and delineating early gastric cancer","volume":"41","author":"Yao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0859-1883","article-title":"Management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS II): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (EHMSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED) guideline update 2019","volume":"51","author":"Libanio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-011-0504-9","article-title":"Ten-year prospective follow-up of histological changes at five points on the gastric mucosa as recommended by the updated Sydney system after Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"47","author":"Kodama","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15477","article-title":"Gastric mucosal changes, and sex differences therein, after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A long-term prospective follow-up study","volume":"36","author":"Kodama","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/8\/2198\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:54:17Z","timestamp":1760136857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/8\/2198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11082198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11082198","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]}}}