{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T02:14:51Z","timestamp":1762049691990,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be complicated by interstitial pneumonia, possibly leading to severe acute respiratory failure and death. Because of variable evolution ranging from asymptomatic cases to the need for invasive ventilation, COVID-19 outcomes cannot be precisely predicted on admission. The aim of this study was to provide a simple tool able to predict the outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia on admission to a low-intensity ward in order to better plan management strategies for these patients. Methods The clinical records of 123 eligible patients were reviewed. The following variables were analyzed on admission: chest computed tomography severity score (CTSS), PaO2\/FiO2 ratio, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin. The main outcome was the intensity of respiratory support (RS). To simplify the statistical analysis, patients were split into two main groups: those requiring no or low\/moderate oxygen support (group 1); and those needing subintensive\/intensive RS up to mechanical ventilation (group 2). Results The RS intensity was significantly associated with higher CTSS and NLR scores; lower PaO2\/FiO2 ratios; and higher serum levels of LDH, CRP, D-dimer, and AST. After multivariate logistic regression and ROC curve analysis, CTSS and LDH were shown to be the best predictors of respiratory function worsening. Conclusions Two easy-to-obtain parameters (CTSS and LDH) were able to reliably predict a worse evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia with values of &gt;7 and &gt;328 U\/L, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11092434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T11:45:55Z","timestamp":1650973555000},"page":"2434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prediction of SARS-CoV-2-Related Lung Inflammation Spreading by V:ERITAS (Vanvitelli Early Recognition of Inflamed Thoracic Areas Spreading)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-6601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciro","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Cozzolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4292-3589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cuomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Abitabile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Carusone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cinone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Nappo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3320-3878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Nevola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ausilia","family":"Sellitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Auricchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Del Sorbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Lieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6897-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gennaro","family":"Galizia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi Elio","family":"Adinolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Marrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","article-title":"Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics 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