{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T10:51:43Z","timestamp":1782730303586,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Finnish Eye Foundation","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the Finnish Eye Foundation","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the Finnish Eye Foundation","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the Finnish Eye Foundation","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the Finnish Eye Foundation","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Ophthalmological Society","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Ophthalmological Society","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Ophthalmological Society","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Ophthalmological Society","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"Finnish Ophthalmological Society","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"the Friends for the Blind","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the Friends for the Blind","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the Friends for the Blind","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the Friends for the Blind","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the Friends for the Blind","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"the Nissi Foundation","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the Nissi Foundation","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the Nissi Foundation","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the Nissi Foundation","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the Nissi Foundation","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"the Paulo Foundation","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the Paulo Foundation","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the Paulo Foundation","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the Paulo Foundation","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the Paulo Foundation","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"the Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]},{"name":"the HUS Specific Catchment Area (ERVA) Clinical Research Grants","award":["ERV499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV499"]}]},{"name":"the HUS Specific Catchment Area (ERVA) Clinical Research Grants","award":["ERV521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERV521"]}]},{"name":"the HUS Specific Catchment Area (ERVA) Clinical Research Grants","award":["EVO116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO116"]}]},{"name":"the HUS Specific Catchment Area (ERVA) Clinical Research Grants","award":["EVO117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO117"]}]},{"name":"the HUS Specific Catchment Area (ERVA) Clinical Research Grants","award":["EVO315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EVO315"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the refractive outcomes of non-toric and toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) in keratoconus (KC) using different IOL power calculation formulas. Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies that report on refractive outcomes of different IOL power calculation formulas in KC patients undergoing cataract surgery. Inclusion criteria were primary posterior chamber non-toric and toric monofocal intraocular lens implantation, data on the degree of KC, explicit mention of the formula used for each stage of KC, and the number of eyes in each category. We calculated and compared the absolute and mean prediction errors, percentage of eyes within 0.5 D and 1 D from target, and the weighted absolute prediction errors of IOL formulas, all were given for KC degrees I\u2013III. Results: The bibliographic search yielded 582 studies published between 1996 and 2020, 14 of which (in total 456 eyes) met the criteria: three studies on non-toric IOL (98 eyes), eight studies on toric IOLs (98 eyes) and three studies of unknown separation between non-toric and toric IOLs (260 eyes). The lowest absolute prediction error (APE) for mild, moderate, and advanced KC was seen with Kane\u2019s IOL power formula with keratoconus adjustment. The APE for the top five IOL power formulas ranged 0.49\u20130.73 diopters (D) for mild (83\u201394%) of eyes within 1 D from the target), 1.08\u20131.21 D for moderate (51\u201357% within 1 D), and 1.44\u20132.86 D for advanced KC (12\u201348% within 1 D). Conclusions: Cataract surgery in eyes with mild-to-moderate KC generally achieves satisfactory postoperative refractive results. In patients with advanced KC, a minority of the eyes achieved spherical equivalent refraction within 1 D from the target. The Kane\u2019s formula with keratoconus adjustment showed the best results in all KC stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11092456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T22:20:20Z","timestamp":1651098020000},"page":"2456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Refractive Outcomes of Non-Toric and Toric Intraocular Lenses in Mild, Moderate and Advanced Keratoconus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6833-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tal","family":"Yahalomi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Samson Assuta Ashdod Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 7747629, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6315-6908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asaf","family":"Achiron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idan","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical, Zerifin 7033001, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9995-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roee","family":"Arnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Samson Assuta Ashdod Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 7747629, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliya","family":"Levinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Pikkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Samson Assuta Ashdod Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 7747629, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raimo","family":"Tuuminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kymenlaakso Central Hospital, 48210 Kotka, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki Retina Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181839b06","article-title":"Keratoconus in the medicare population","volume":"28","author":"Reeves","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.06.024","article-title":"Prevalence and Associations of Keratoconus in Rural Maharashtra in Central India: The Central India Eye and Medical Study","volume":"148","author":"Jonas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. 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