{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:55:55Z","timestamp":1790888155965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hanyang University","award":["HY\u2014202000000003335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY\u2014202000000003335"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in asthmatic patients has a high recurrence rate even after surgery. For this reason, oral steroids are frequently used, but their long-term use may cause side effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term effects of budesonide nasal irrigation (BNI) in CRSwNP and asthma. An analysis of 33 patients with CRSwNP and well-controlled asthma, who performed BNI for more than 12 months, was performed. We compared oral steroid and antibiotic dosages as well as nasal endoscopy scores before, and every six months after, BNI. The six-month dosages of oral steroids and antibiotics prescribed were significantly decreased at all time points after BNI compared to before BNI. When the dosages were compared at the time point immediately preceding six months, oral steroid intake decreased significantly until 12 months, and antibiotic intake decreased until 6 months. Furthermore, the endoscopic score decreased significantly until 12 months. The nasal symptom questionnaire score also significantly improved after BNI. Therefore, BNI is considered an effective treatment method that can improve subjective symptoms and objective intranasal findings while reducing oral steroid and antibiotic doses after long-term use in patients with CRSwNP accompanied by asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T08:31:55Z","timestamp":1652171515000},"page":"2690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Long-Term Effects of Budesonide Nasal Irrigation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Asthma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1685-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seon Min","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Hye","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moo Keon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung","family":"Tae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8424-3998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Hyeok","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2021.01249","article-title":"Considerations for the use of biologic agents in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05327-6","article-title":"Budesonide nasal irrigation improved Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score of chronic rhinosinusitis patients after endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"276","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000588","article-title":"Th2 inflammatory responses in the development of nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"20","author":"Ryu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"45","article-title":"Nasal polyps in patients with asthma: Prevalence, impact, and management challenges","volume":"14","author":"Langdon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.5.664","article-title":"Immunological Characteristics in Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Undergoing Revision Surgeries","volume":"11","author":"Ryu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21096","article-title":"Topical therapies in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: An evidence-based review with recommendations","volume":"3","author":"Rudmik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820919363","article-title":"Budesonide vs Saline Nasal Irrigation in Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"162","author":"Periasamy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2010.24.3445","article-title":"Prevalence of metabolic bone disease among chronic rhinosinusitis patients treated with oral glucocorticoids","volume":"24","author":"Rajasekaran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Rhinol. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino15.367","article-title":"The risk of osteoporosis in oral steroid treatment for nasal polyposis: A systematic review","volume":"55","author":"Winblad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2009.07.001","article-title":"Corticosteroid treatment in chronic rhinosinusitis: The possibilities and the limits","volume":"29","author":"Mullol","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. Allergy Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2016.00220","article-title":"The effectiveness of budesonide nasal irrigation after endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis with asthma","volume":"10","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3284","article-title":"Relationships between severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis, asthma, and atopy","volume":"23","author":"Pearlman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Rhinol. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00043305","article-title":"Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effects on asthma","volume":"28","author":"Ragab","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0440-x","article-title":"Management of chronic rhinosinusitis in asthma patients: Is there still a debate?","volume":"14","author":"Lehrer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"126","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of different endoscopic sinus surgery in recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and asthma","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22779","article-title":"Asthma increases long-term revision rates of endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis","volume":"11","author":"Gill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21172","article-title":"Distribution of topical agents to the paranasal sinuses: An evidence-based review with recommendations","volume":"3","author":"Thomas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.0667","article-title":"Effect of Budesonide Added to Large-Volume, Low-pressure Saline Sinus Irrigation for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"144","author":"Tait","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22093","article-title":"Corticosteroid nasal irrigations are more effective than simple sprays in a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial for chronic rhinosinusitis after sinus surgery","volume":"8","author":"Harvey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22214","article-title":"Highlights of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in definition, prognosis, and advancement","volume":"8","author":"Lou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3342\/kjorl-hns.2019.00332","article-title":"Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyp: Personalized Medicine Based on Endotype","volume":"62","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3342\/kjorl-hns.2017.00045","article-title":"New Discoveries Regarding Endotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyp","volume":"60","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21047","article-title":"Corticosteroid nasal irrigations after endoscopic sinus surgery in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"2","author":"Snidvongs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21180","article-title":"Effect of intranasal budesonide irrigations on intraocular pressure","volume":"3","author":"Seiberling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21700","article-title":"Safety of long-term high-volume sinonasal budesonide irrigations for chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"6","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21724","article-title":"Safety analysis of long-term budesonide nasal irrigations in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis post endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"6","author":"Soudry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2019.12.006","article-title":"The Role of Biologics in the Treatment of Nasal Polyps","volume":"40","author":"Franzese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol. Allergy Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.401","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020","volume":"58","author":"Fokkens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/10\/2690\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:08:45Z","timestamp":1760137725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/10\/2690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11102690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11102690","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]}}}