{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:59:48Z","timestamp":1792007988478,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the transgender population remains an underestimated issue. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of either self-reported and serological STIs and to describe socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of transgender individuals with STIs. A consecutive series of 705 transgender individuals (assigned-male at birth, AMAB n = 377; assigned-female at birth, AFAB n = 328) referring to six Italian gender clinics were included. Sociodemographic and clinical information was collected during the first visit. In a subsample of 126 individuals prevalence of STIs (human immunodeficiency virus, HIV; hepatitis C, HCV; hepatitis B, HBV; syphilis) were evaluated through serology tests. The self-reported prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infection in the total sample were 3.4%, 1.6%, 2.6% and 2.0%, respectively. In the subsample who underwent serological tests, higher rates of serological prevalence were found (9.5%, 4.0%, 5.6% and 7.9% for HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis, respectively). When comparing transgender people with or without self-reported STIs, unemployment, previous incarceration, justice problems and sex work resulted more frequent in the first group (p&lt; 0.03 for all). Regarding health status, we observed higher rates of lifetime substance abuse and psychiatric morbidities in trans people with at least one reported STI (p &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of STIs exceeded that reported in general population and STIs correlates underline the importance of stigma and discrimination as determinants of transgender health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T09:27:56Z","timestamp":1652520476000},"page":"2774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Transgender People: An Italian Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Cocchetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Romani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mazzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiska","family":"Ristori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Lagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0061-9834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Meriggiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Pierdominici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00138 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9758-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bartoloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0907-0630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Vignozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra Daphne","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019). 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