{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:03:23Z","timestamp":1787065403850,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wroclaw Medical University (Poland)","award":["STM.A270.20.153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STM.A270.20.153"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the spine. In addition to musculoskeletal symptoms, there are also extra-articular manifestations. The aim of this study was to search for new biomarkers associated with the clinical presentation and treatment response in axSpA patients. Methods: In this study, 106 axSpA patients and 110 healthy controls were enrolled. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for genotyping: ERAP1 rs2287987, ERAP2 rs2549782, TNF rs1800629, TNFRSF1A rs767455, TNFRSF1B rs1061622, and FCGR2A rs1801274. Participants were examined at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks of anti-TNF therapy. Results: SNPs associated with high axSpA initial activity were TNFRSF1A rs767455 and TNFRSF1B rs1061622 (p &lt; 0.008). The ERAP1 rs2287987 AA genotype was more frequently observed in patients with enthesitis (AA vs. G+, p = 0.049), while the TNFRSF1B rs1061622 GG genotype was more common in participants with uveitis (GG vs. TT, p = 0.042). Potential in predicting anti-TNF treatment response was demonstrated by ERAP1 rs2287987, ERAP2 rs2549782, TNFRSF1B rs1061622, and FCGR2A rs1801274. Conclusions: SNPs can be used to identify patients at risk of severe disease to initiate treatment earlier. Genetic testing will allow clinicians to choose the right drug for the patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T13:56:12Z","timestamp":1653054972000},"page":"2912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Searching for New Genetic Biomarkers of Axial Spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Bugaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1048-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Wieli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9744-0376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bogunia-Kubik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"\u015awierkot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.07.001","article-title":"How to Investigate: Early Axial Spondyloarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. 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