{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T15:44:47Z","timestamp":1776440687489,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Different surgical techniques are available to adequately correct the primary cleft lip deformity; however, when compared, none of these techniques have proven superior with regard to achieving optimal aesthetic results. Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to assess the nasolabial appearance in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at age five with reference to two techniques for primary cleft lip repair used in our service: Pfeifer\u2019s wave-line procedure and Randall\u2019s technique. A modified Asher\u2013McDade Aesthetic Index was applied to appraise the nasolabial area by means of 2D photographs of non-syndromic five-year-old patients with a UCLP. In this context, three parameters were assessed: 1. nasal frontal view; 2. shape of the vermilion border and philtrum length; and 3. the nasolabial profile. Five professionals experienced in cleft care were asked to rate the photographs on two occasions. Overall, 53 patients were included in the final analysis, 28 of whom underwent lip repair according to Pfeifer; 25 were treated employing Randall\u2019s technique. Statistically significant differences between the two techniques regarding philtrum length and vermilion border were found (p = 0.046). With reference to the other parameters assessed, no significant differences were determined. The results suggest that Randall\u2019s cleft lip repair may allow for more accurate alignment of the vermilion border and more adequate correction of the cleft lip length discrepancy in comparison to Pfeifer\u2019s wave-line technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T22:57:22Z","timestamp":1653346642000},"page":"2943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nasolabial Appearance in 5-Year-Old Patients with Repaired Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Comparison of Two Different Techniques of Lip Repair"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2173-9707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Lux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9249-9763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schwaiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah-Jayne","family":"Edmondson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Thames Cleft Service, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schachner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Gaggl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20294","article-title":"National estimates and race\/ethnic-specific variation of selected birth defects in the United States, 1999\u20132001","volume":"76","author":"Canfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res. 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