{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:10:44Z","timestamp":1760238644982,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MicroSelectron HDR Kenkyukai"},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan for programs for Leading Graduate Schools, Cultivating Global Leaders in Heavy Ion Therapeutics and Engineering"},{"name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) using intracavitary and interstitial (IC\/IS) techniques plays a pivotal role in definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancers. However, the training opportunities for interstitial needle application are limited, preventing this technique from becoming widespread. This study aimed to develop a training simulator for IC\/IS brachytherapy. The simulator consists of a soft silicone tumor phantom and acrylic tube mimicking the vagina; it has high visibility because of translucent materials and is compatible with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A patient harboring a typical bulky and irregular-shaped cervical tumor was selected from 495 in-house IGABT-treated candidates, and a tumor phantom (68 \u00d7 49 \u00d7 45 mm) modeled on this patient was produced from three-dimensional real-scale measurements of the MRI-based high-risk clinical target volume at first brachytherapy. In trial use by two physicians with different levels of IGABT skills, a Fletcher-Suit Asian Pacific applicator, and a Venezia applicator with interstitial needles were nicely applied to the simulator, facilitating successful creation of CT-based treatment plans consistent with clinical practice. Thus, the training simulator can be useful for the training of IC\/IS brachytherapy, and warrants further research employing a greater number of phantoms and practitioners to verify its educational value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11113103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T10:05:14Z","timestamp":1653905114000},"page":"3103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient-Derived Training Simulator for Image-Guided Adaptive Brachytherapy of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancers: Development and Initial Use"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kento","family":"Tomizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Oike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-5589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Irie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9928-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6703-3144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"},{"name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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Brachyther."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/11\/3103\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:22:11Z","timestamp":1760138531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/11\/3103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11113103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11113103","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]}}}