{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:31:02Z","timestamp":1792593062795,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of adenomyosis in symptomatic women in relation to the angle of flexion of the uterus. A total of 120 patients referring to our Chronic Pelvic Pain Center were prospectively enrolled. Each woman scored menstrual pain, intermenstrual pain, and dyspareunia on a 10 cm visual analogue scale and underwent a clinical examination and transvaginal ultrasound. MUSA criteria were used for the diagnosis of adenomyosis. The angle of flexion of the uterus on the cervix was categorized as &lt;150\u00b0 (75% of cases), between 150\u00b0 and 210\u00b0 (6.7% of cases) and &gt;210\u00b0 (18.3% of cases). Adenomyosis was diagnosed in 76\/120 women (63.3%). In women with adenomyosis, the VAS of intermenstrual pain was higher than in women without adenomyosis (4.04 \u00b1 3.79 vs. 2.57 \u00b1 3.34; p &lt; 0.034). The angle of uterine flexion &gt;210\u00b0 was more prevalent in women with than without adenomyosis (25.0% vs. 6.8%; p &lt; 0.015). The odds ratio of suffering from adenomyosis markedly increased in the presence of an angle of uterine flexion &gt;210\u00b0 (OR 5.8 95% CI 1.19, 28.3; p &gt; 0.029). The data indicate that the ultrasound-estimated angle of uterine flexion &gt;210\u00b0 is related to a higher prevalence of adenomyosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11113214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T09:42:32Z","timestamp":1654335752000},"page":"3214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Angle of Uterine Flexion and Adenomyosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8887-3823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anjeza","family":"Xholli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Scovazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambrogio Pietro","family":"Londero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Evangelisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Cavalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Giulia","family":"Schiaffino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Vacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Oppedisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia Francesco","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health (DiNOGMI), 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Sirito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San 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