{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T03:52:20Z","timestamp":1762055540072,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002632","name":"Hallym University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HURF-2020-12","no. S2722143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HURF-2020-12","no. S2722143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Ministry of SMEs and Startups of Korea","award":["HURF-2020-12","no. S2722143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HURF-2020-12","no. S2722143"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although vasodilators are widely used in patients with vasospastic angina (VA), few studies have compared the long-term prognostic effects of different types of vasodilators. We investigated the long-term effects of vasodilators on clinical outcomes in VA patients according to the type of vasodilator used. Study data were obtained from a prospective multicenter registry that included patients who had symptoms suggestive of VA. Patients were classified into two groups according to use of nitrates (n = 239) or other vasodilators (n = 809) at discharge. The composite clinical events rate, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), cardiac death, new-onset arrhythmia (including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation), and atrioventricular block, was significantly higher in the nitrates group (5.3% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.026) during one year of follow-up. Specifically, the prevalence of ACS was significantly more frequent in the nitrates group (4.3% vs. 1.5%, p = 0.024). After propensity score matching, the adverse effects of nitrates remained. In addition, the use of nitrates at discharge was independently associated with a 2.69-fold increased risk of ACS in VA patients. In conclusion, using nitrates as a vasodilator at discharge can increase the adverse clinical outcomes in VA patients at one year of follow-up. Clinicians need to be aware of the prognostic value and consider prescribing other vasodilators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11123250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T02:25:33Z","timestamp":1654827933000},"page":"3250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nitrates vs. Other Types of Vasodilators and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Vasospastic Angina: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7885-1695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2063-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Ho","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 14068, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0748-7766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won-Woo","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hack-Lyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwan Yong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae-Hyun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan 04551, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1548-4154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Ho","family":"Her","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon 16249, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byoung-Kwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul 06273, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2303-4954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keun-Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun Medical Center, Gwangju 61453, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youngkeun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Woon","family":"Rha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeon-Cheol","family":"Gwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Ju","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7065-3432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hong","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JCS Joint Working Group (2014). 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Heart Assoc."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/12\/3250\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:25:16Z","timestamp":1760138716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/12\/3250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11123250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11123250","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]}}}